ʻO nā ʻano lā o nā beets kō nā hua o ka hana a nā mea hoʻohua ʻAmelika. I ka makahiki 1747, ua ʻike nā ʻepekema mai ʻAmelika mai i ka beets keʻokeʻo i ka nui o ke kō e like me ke kō - 1.3%. I kēia manawa nā ʻano hybrid loea, hānai ʻia e nā mea hānai kikoʻī no ka hana kō, loaʻa ma mua o 20% o kahi mea kūlohelohe. ʻOiai ʻo ka moʻomeheu loea kēia, ua hoʻololi ka poʻe e hoʻohana iā ia i meaʻai, ma ke ʻano he lāhui, a me kahi hānai no nā holoholona.
Nā ʻano o ka beet kō
ʻO ka beet kō keʻokeʻo kahi mea kanu, kahi aʻa aʻa a ʻelua makahiki, kahi ʻano ʻulaʻula maʻamau. I ka makahiki mua, hana ia i kahi hua nui, oblong, dense, aʻa momona a me kahi rosette mana o nā lau nui i ka ʻāpana honua.
ʻO kēia ka mahi kō kō nui loa e ulu ma kahi ākea nui o ka ʻāina mahi. Loaʻa nā pae Sucrose mai 8-10 a 20% a pili pono i nā kūlana aniau o ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻāina, nā ʻano agrotechnical, ʻoiai ke koi nei ka moʻomeheu i ka nui o ka wela, ka wai, ka lā.
ʻOi aku ka nui o ka wela o ka lā e pono ai no kahi mea kanu i ka wā oʻo o ka aʻa aʻa - mai ʻAukake a i ka hopena o ʻOkakopa... Aia i loko o kēia wā e hōʻiliʻili ai ke kō i loko.
ʻO 100% hua ka beet Sugar. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka ʻōpala i koe mai ka hana kō, hoʻohana ʻia i ka ʻoihana a he mea nui ia.
Hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻōpala hana e loaʻa:
- pulp - neoneo i ke ʻano o ka beet ʻoki, hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka hānai no nā pipi, puaʻa;
- syrup - hoʻohana ʻia i ka ʻoihana meaʻai no ka hana ʻana i ka hū, ka waikawa citric, glycerin, nā waikawa a me ka waiʻona;
- kīnā (a i ʻole defecation mud) - mea hoʻomomona lime no nā mea kanu.
Hoʻohui ʻia, hoʻohana ʻia nā mea kanu kō e hana ʻ etanolkoi 'ia i loko o ka' enekinia hana 'enekinia.
Mōʻaukala ulu
Hoʻomaka ka hana ʻana o ke kō mai ka beets i ka kenekulia 19 ma waenakonu o ʻEulopa (New Silesia), kahi o ka mea kanu, a laha koke. I ka hapa mua o ke kenekulia 19, ua hoʻomaka ʻia nā beets e kanu a ulu aʻe ma ka panalāʻau o Russia a me Ukraine i kēia manawa.
Ke kūana o ka momona nā lepo chernozem a me ke aniau mehana ho'ākāka i nā ʻāpana o ka mahi ʻana o nā mea kanu: Ukraine, Belarus, Georgia, ʻeleʻele honua honua o ka hema o Russia, a me nā ʻāina o ka hema a me ka waena o ʻEulopa.
No ka 2014, nā alakaʻi i ka mahi ʻana i nā mea kanu a me ka hana ʻana i ke kō mai ia:
- Palani - ma kahi o 40 miliona mau tona;
- Lūkia - ma kahi o 30 miliona mau tona;
- Kelemania - 30 miliona mau tona;
- USA - 28.5 miliona mau tona;
- Ukraine - 16 miliona mau tona;
- Polani - 14 miliona mau tona.
I ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana, ma kahi o 280 miliona mau tona o ka beets i ulu i ka honua.
Ka meaʻai a meaʻai hānai holoholona paha
ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka mea mua, he loea kēia moʻomeheu, akā maikaʻi nā hua aʻa kahua hānai no ka hānau puaʻa a me ka pipi.
Loaʻa i nā lau a me nā rhizome ka waiwai like like o ka meaʻai: 100 kg o nā beets he 25 mau hānai hānai (manaʻo ʻia ua like ka ʻāpana hānai 1 me 1 kg o ka oats i ka waiwai nutritional) a me 1.2 kg o nā protein pono, a me 100 kg o nā lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo i loko o 22 mau hānai hānai a me 2.2 kg o ka protein. ...
I ka manawa like, ma ka manawa o ka ʻohi ʻana ke kaupaona o nā lau a me nā aʻa ma kahi o 1: 2... Hiki ke kaulike o nā lau mai 40 a 60% o ke kaupaona o nā mea kanu.
Akā ma waho o kēia, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā beets kō i ka papaʻai meaʻai a me ka lāʻau kuʻuna... Loaʻa i ka mea kanu kahi huaola momona a me nā mineral: iodine, phosphorus, magnesium, keleawe, hao, calcium, huaʻai B, PP, C, betadine, pectins.
Kōkua kēia huahana e hoʻonui i ka palekana, hemoglobin, kahi hopena maikaʻi i ka hana o ka ʻōnaehana cardiovascular, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana o ka ʻōnaehana digestive, lawe i nā mea ʻino mai ke kino.
Mea kanu loaʻa nā contraindications no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka maʻi puʻupaʻa, diabetes, obesity ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka sucrose.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka mahi ʻana a me nā ʻano mahi i Lūkia
ʻO ka mahi ʻana a me ke kanu ʻana i nā beets kō he hana nui loa ia e pono ai ka mālama pono ʻana i nā lā palena pau a me nā ʻano mahiʻai.
ʻO ka hoʻohuli ʻana i nā ʻāpana a me nā mea e ulu ana i mua o ka beet-friendly - legume, cereals hoʻoilo - he mea nui.
ʻEnehana lūlū
Ua palau ʻia ka lepo i ka wā kauwela, i kahi hohonu o 30 knm, ma hope o ka hoʻopili ʻana i kahi hua nui o nā mea momona. I ka pūnāwai, ma mua o ka lūlū ʻana, ʻohi ʻia ka lepo, mahi ʻia a pae ʻia.
E lūlū hua ma ka mehana ea 8-10 kekelē Celsius i ka hohonu 5 knm... 5 mau lā ma hope o ka lūlū ʻana, hana ʻia ka hana mua ʻana i mea e luku ai i nā nāhelehele, e hoʻokuʻu ai i ka lepo.
ʻIke ʻia nā hua 8-10 mau lā ma hope o ka lūlū ʻana. Lawe ʻia ka loosening mua o ka lepo ma hope o ke ʻano o nā lau mua maoli i kahi hohonu o 5-7 cm.
ʻO ka hopena aʻe - ʻili lahilahi (bouquet). ʻO kēia ka hana ʻoi loa o ka paʻakikī, hana, akā ʻo ke kaʻina nui, a ma hope e waiho ka beets ikaika a ikaika hoʻi ma ke kula.
ʻO ka mālama aʻe o ka hua i loko o ka wehe ʻana i ka lepo ma waena o nā lālani a me ka hoʻoinu nui a i 4-5 manawa i ka mahina... Hoʻopau ʻia ka hoʻoinu wai i ka hapa lua o Kepakemapa, 7-10 mau lā ma mua o ka hoʻomaka o ka ʻohi ʻana.
Ke ʻohiʻohi ʻana
Hoʻomaka ka ʻohiʻohi ʻana i nā manawa like ʻole i nā wahi like ʻole, mai ka hopena o Kepakemapa a i ka waena o ʻOkakopa.
ʻAʻole hiki i nā lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo ke hoʻomau no ka manawa lōʻihi, no laila ka ʻohiʻohi hoʻouna koke ʻia i nā mea kanu hana... Ma laila, hoʻomaka ke kaʻina hana o ke kiʻi ʻana i ke kō mai nā rhizome, a hana ʻia nā luna i hānai.
He maopopo leʻa ka lōlō holoʻokoʻa o ka ulu ʻana a me ka hana ʻana i nā mea kanu me ka hana a me ke kumu kūʻai. ʻOiai ʻo ka huahana o kēia mea kanu he 100%, paʻakikī loa i nā mea hana e hoʻokō pono i ka loaʻa pono o nā mea kanu a me nā ʻoihana hana.
Eia nō naʻe, koe ke kō i ka mea nui i koi ʻia i nā huahana meaʻai o kēlā me kēia lā, a ʻo kāna hana ʻana he kūpono loa ia a me ka pono āpau ʻole.