Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻano strawberry āpau i ʻelua mau papa: no ka hoʻohana ponoʻī ʻana a no ka mahi ʻana ʻoihana. Hāpai ʻia ka mea mua no ko lākou ʻano ʻono kiʻekiʻe, a ʻo ka hope no ko lākou ʻano maikaʻi a me ka mālama ʻana i ka maikaʻi a me ka lawe ʻana. Hoʻohui ʻo Alba i nā ʻano o nā papa ʻelua, akā ua hui ʻia nā loiloi ʻono.
Kumu o ka ʻokoʻa
Ua hānai ʻia ʻo Alba e nā limahana o ka ʻoihana Italia "New Fruts", nona ka hana e hana i kahi ʻano hua kiʻekiʻe ʻaʻole wale me nā hua kiʻekiʻe, hiki ke halihali a mālama i ka maikaʻi, akā maikaʻi pū me ka ʻono a me ka hōʻike.
Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Alba a i ʻole hybrid NF311 i nā kanahiku. ʻO nā mākua nā ʻano like: albion a me cal. 97.85-6. Lawe ka laulā i nā hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi loa mai kona mau mākua: hua kiʻekiʻe, ʻono a me ka maikaʻi o nā hua... Ua lilo koke ka strawberry i alakaʻi i ka hana ʻenehana Italia.
Eia kekahi, ua kāloli ʻia ka ʻano no ka mahi ʻana ma nā ʻāina Lūkia, ʻUkuria a me Belarusian, kahi e waiwai ai no ka hua ʻana i ka wā mua a me nā manaʻolana.
Nā ʻano o ka alba strawberry
Kūkulu ʻia ʻo Alba ma ke kula ākea a me nā tunnels kiʻiʻoniʻoni, kahi e ʻohi ai ka ʻohi ʻelua mau pule ma mua. Pala nā Strawberry i nā māla ākea e ka waena o Mei... I nā kūlana ʻelua, hāʻawi ka ʻokoʻa i kahi hōʻiliʻili maikaʻi, a he mea nui ia no ka hana ʻoihana.
ʻO nā hua, e like me ka wehewehe, he ʻano elongated-conical, a mai ke kaumaha o lākou 25-30 karamu... Hoʻomaopopo ʻia nā hua ʻulaʻula e ka pulp momona a me ka ʻono momona me ka acidity liʻiliʻi. Loaʻa iā ia kahi wā hua hua lōʻihi a ma loko o ka manawa holoʻokoʻa ʻaʻole e liʻiliʻi ka berry.
Ua ulu ka hua nui ma ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Rolkestone (USA). Ua kaupaona ʻia ma luna o 230 gram, akā ʻaʻole ʻono.
He mana ikaika ko Alba bushes, haʻahaʻa lau a hiki ke ulu a 35 cm. Ma kahi ulu ulu hiki ke ʻohiʻohi ma kahi o hoʻokahi kilogram o nā hua.
Kū'ē kēia ʻano i ka pauka pauda, verticellosis a me ka lau fusarium, akā hiki ke ʻeha i ka wahi brown a keʻokeʻo. Kūʻē ʻo Alba i ka hau hau a me ke kau maloʻo.
ʻO nā mea maikaʻi o nā ʻano like ʻole:
- pala mua;
- wā pua kūleʻa, kahi e pale ai i ka hau hou;
- hoʻokumu wikiwiki o nā hua;
- ʻaʻole ka makemake e haki i ka hua;
- ka hiki ke ʻohiʻohi mīkini;
- nā helu kiʻekiʻe o ka lawe ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka maikaʻi;
- kūlana mākeke;
- hua maikaʻi a paʻa;
- kūpaʻa maʻi a me nā mea ʻino;
- ke kūpale hau maikaʻi.
ʻO nā hemahema nui e hoʻopili i ka lōʻihi o ka wā hoʻomaha, a me ka hōʻike ʻana i ka antracnose.
No Alba ʻo nā ʻano kūpale maloʻo maloʻono laila pono ia e hoʻoinu i hoʻokahi manawa i ka pule. Pono e hoʻoinu i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe i kēlā me kēia ʻekolu a ʻehā paha lā.
ʻOihana ʻenehana mahiʻai
Pono e kanu i nā Strawberry i nā wahi ākea a mālamalama, pale ʻia mai nā makani anuanu. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā cereala, kālika, ʻaka a me nā mea kanu pua - marigolds a me petunias - i kanu mua ʻia ma ka pūnaewele.
Akā ma hope o nā kōmato, kaʻuala, eggplants, peppers a me nā raspberries, kanu albu makemake ʻole ʻia... Hoʻonui kēia mau mea mua i ka hopena o ka hopena o ke ahi. Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia kahi māla strawberry i kanu ʻia ma hope o nā kukama a me ke kāpena e ka nematode.
Ulu ʻilihune ʻo Alba ma ke kahua o ke kanu ʻana i ka palaoa a me ka pua pua, no ka mea hoʻopau loa i ka lepo.
Hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia ke kanu ʻana i ka Strawberry i ka puna a me ka lau. ʻO Alba, i kanu ʻia i ka wā kauwela, e hāʻawi i kāna hōʻiliʻili mua i ka wā puna, a ma nā nahele o nā mea kanu ulu, e ʻike ʻia nā hua ma hope o hoʻokahi makahiki wale nō. ʻAe ʻia ke kanu kauwela o nā strawberry, akā ʻaʻole pono i ka wā wela.
ʻO ka palu ʻana i ka lepo, ke kau ʻana i kahi substrate, a i ʻole ke kau ʻana i nā kū berry e kōkua ia i ka mālama ʻana i nā strawberry mai ka maʻi a me nā hua mai ka pala.
Hoʻomākaukau lepo
Ulu maikaʻi nā Strawberry ma nā one a me nā lepo loamy, hoʻonui ʻia me ka lawa kūpono o nā meaola.
Lawe ʻia ka hoʻomākaukau lepo no ke kanu ʻana ʻaʻole emi ma mua o ʻelua mau pule ma mua ma mua o ka hanana a hoʻokomo i nā pae he nui:
- ʻeli hohonu;
- ka hemo ʻana o ka mauʻu a me nā aʻa ona;
- hoʻolauna o kahi mea hoʻomaka o nā mea momona.
No kēlā me kēia mika mika pāha, pono e hoʻopili ʻia 10 liters o ka manure popopo a humus paha me ka hoʻohui o nā mea kanu paʻakikī. Hiki ke pani ʻia ka hope me ka lehu a i ʻole superphosphate.
Me kahi kokoke o ka wai o ka honua a i ʻole kahi ʻano o ka pūnaewele i ka wai wai, no ke kanu ʻana i nā strawberry paipai e hana i nā kualono kiʻekiʻe... E kōkua kēia i ka pale ʻana i ka palaho aʻa a me ka berry wateriness.
ʻO ke kanu ʻana i ka ʻalba ma kahi pālahalaha ke kōkua e hoʻonui i ka paʻa o ka wai ma ke kau maloʻo.
Nā lula kanu no nā mea kanu
Hana hana aho ʻo ke kanu ʻana i nā strawberry ka mea maʻamau. Lawe ʻia i loko o nā laina ʻelua, ke kowa ma waena o kahi ma kahi o 40 cm. Kūkulu ʻia nā kumu alba ma kahi mamao o 25 knm mai kēlā me kēia, e nānā ana i kekahi ʻenehana.
- E hoʻomākaukau i nā lua kanu i ka hohonu 20-25 knm.
- E hoʻohui i ka humus, lehu a me nā mea momona mineral paʻakikī i kēlā me kēia puka.
- E ninini i nā luawai me ka wai.
- Pono e kiʻi i nā sapling mai nā kuʻi ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi makahiki.
- Hoʻokomo ʻia nā aʻa o nā mea kanu i loko o kahi hopena stimulant ulu a mālama ʻia i kahi wahi malu no ʻeono mau hola.
- Kanu ʻia nā mea kanu olakino i kū i luna a ma ke kiʻekiʻe o ka honua a uhi paʻa ʻia nā aʻa me ka lepo.
ʻO kēlā me kēia ulu lāʻau ma hope o ke kanu ʻana pono ʻoe i ka waie hoʻopili i ka lepo. Lawe ʻia ka hoʻoinu hope e like me ka mea e pono ai. Mai hoʻokahuli a hoʻokahuli i nā mea kanu - alakaʻi kēia i ka ulu ʻana o nā maʻi fungal a me nā maʻi infectious.
He mea nui e mahalo i nā lā pae. I ke kauwela, kanu ʻia nā strawberry i ka hopena o ʻApelila a i ʻole mua o Mei. I ke kauwela - mai ka waenakonu o Iulai, a i ke kauwela - hapa hapalua o ka mahina ma mua o ka hau i manaʻo ʻia.
Mālama kūpono
Mālama ʻo Alba i ka makahiki mua ma hope o ke kanu ʻana i ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi aʻa aʻa ikaika, no laila pono e hemo i nā antennae hou a me nā peduncles.
Pili ka mālama ʻana i nā mea kanu kahiko i ka wā.
- Ma hope o ka hoʻoilo... I ke kau mua, hemo ka hale hoʻoilo, hemo nā lau i hōʻino ʻia, a hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka lepo. Pono e hoʻopili i nā mea kanu mineral a i ʻole mea ʻokanika ʻekolu manawa i ka mahina. Lawe ʻia nā kaʻina hana ma mua o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o nā hua mua. Mai ka waenakonu o ka pūnāwai, pono ʻoe e hoʻoinu mau i ka wai, e hoʻomaka ana i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi, akā ʻelua mau manawa i ka lā.
- Ma mua o ka pua ʻana... I loko o kēia wā, pono e miki ʻia nā moena e pale i ka ulu ʻana o ka mauʻu, hōʻoia i ka maʻemaʻe o nā mea kanu a pale i nā hua mai ka palaho. Hoʻohinu ʻia ʻo Strawberries me ka hopena urea a i ʻole ka pulu lehu. Inā makemake ʻia, lawe ʻia ka pīpī ʻana me nā hopena e hoʻonāukiuki i ka hana.
- I ka wā pua... I kēia wā, pono ka mauʻu strawberry i ka potash, humus a me lehu. I mea e hoʻonui ai i ka nui o nā ovaries, pono ia e kāpīpī me ka waikawa boric, kahi meli o ia mea e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ʻumi mau lita o ka wai. E ʻokiʻoki ʻia nā kuʻina ʻōpio i kēia manawa i mea e nalo ʻole ai kahi ʻāpana o ka hua.
- A mahina ma hope ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hua ʻana. Hāpai lākou i ka ʻoki ʻana i nā kuʻi hou, kahi e hiki ai ke hoʻolōʻihi i ka hua, pale i ka haki ʻana o nā hua, hoʻoliʻiliʻi i nā pilikia o ka maʻi, a kōkua pū i ka ʻohi ʻana o nā hua.
- Hoʻoilo... Ma hope o ka hopena o ka hua ʻana, pono ʻoe e hemo i nā ʻāpana āpau o nā mea kanu, nā nāhelehele a uhi i nā strawberry me nā mea kūikawā a i ʻole conifer. E hōʻoia kēia i ke ola hoʻoilo maikaʻi a me ka wikiwiki i ka wā ulu.
I mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i nā ʻano ʻono o ka alba, koi ʻia e hoʻopili i nā mea momona me nā macro wale nō - akā me nā microelement.
Nā māla ʻike mai paipai ulu alba ma kahi hoʻokahi no ʻekolu mau makahiki a ʻoi paha. Ma hope o kēia wā, ua emi ka nui o ka hua, a ua lilo ka hua i kāna ʻano.
No laila, pono ʻoe e mālama i ke transplanting strawberry i kahi hou. Akā hiki ke kanu wale ʻia ka pūnaewele mua i loko o ʻehā mau makahiki.
Nā hana hana hou
No ka hana hou ʻana i ka ʻalba, hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻano o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka nahelehele, ke aʻa ʻana o nā antennae (rosettes), ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi i ka manawa o ka ʻanoʻano.
Kaʻano mahele o Bush
Lawe ʻia ia e like me kahi kumumanaʻo:
- hoʻokō 'ia ke kaʻina hana i ka puna, ma hope o ke kūkulu ʻana i hale paʻa ma luna o-zero mahana a i ʻole ma hope o ka ʻohi ʻana;
- koho i ʻelua a i ʻole ʻekolu makahiki bushes olakino me ka fruiting stable.
- hemo pono nā lāʻau mai ka honua me ka ʻole e hōʻino i nā aʻa;
- ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke aʻa aʻa i ʻelua a ʻekolu paha ʻāpana mea kani ʻoiʻoi ʻoiʻoi. Pono i kēlā me kēia ʻāpana i kahi rosette me nā lau;
- mālama ʻia nā wahi o nā ʻoki me kahi hopena manganese.
Kanu ʻia kēlā me kēia māhele i nā lua kanu hoʻomākaukau.
Kukuna antennae
Hana ʻia ka ʻohi ʻana o nā mea kanu i ka hopena o Iune, e nānā ana i nā lula maʻamau.
- E hoʻomākaukau i kahi hui lepo ma ka hui ʻana i nā ʻāpana like o ka peat a me ka lepo māla. Hoʻomaʻa ʻia ka hui ʻana me humus. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka lepo strawberry mākaukau.
- Kanu ʻia nā Antennae i loko o nā ipu pākahi i hoʻopiha ʻia me ka hui lepo a hoʻonoho ʻia i kahi lumi mehana, mālamalama maikaʻi.
- Pono pono e hōʻoia e hoʻomaʻū mau i ka lepo.
- Hiki ke hoʻouluulu ʻia nā mea kanu me mullein a i ʻole infusion hū.
- Ke hoʻokumu ʻia he ʻekolu mau lau ma nā rosette, Wehe i nā antennae i koe a kanu i nā mea kanu i kahi paʻa.
Ke kanu hou ʻana, pono e mālama i kahi kinipōpō lepo, kahi e pale ai i ka hōʻino ʻana i nā aʻa a me ka wikiwiki i ke kaʻina o ke aʻa i kahi hou.
Kaʻano hua
Ke ulu nei ʻo alba mai nā ʻanoʻano, nalowale paha nā ʻano varietal.
No laila, ʻaʻole hoʻohana iki ʻia kēia ʻano hana a pono e kūʻai ʻia nā ʻanoʻano mai nā nursery. Akā hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻāʻo e loaʻa iā lākou iho.
Aia i ke kaʻina hana nā hanana he nui:
- koho ʻia nā hua pala nunui kahi e ʻoki ai ke kolu o luna, kāwili a hoʻomoe ʻia i ka lā;
- pono e pulu i nā mea maloʻo i ka wai a koho ʻia nā ʻanoʻano;
- na hua i ohiia pulu no 2-3 mau lā i kahi hopena nāwaliwali o ka manganese a i ʻole kahi stimulant ulu;
- lūlū ʻia nā mea kanu i hoʻomākaukau ʻia i nā ipu kanu i hoʻopiha ʻia me ka lepo kūikawā a waiho ʻia i kahi mehana, a mālamalama hoʻi;
- ma hope o ka helehelena ka lau maoli mua luʻu lulu.
ʻO ka kanu ʻana i nā mea kanu ʻōpio i ka honua ākea e pono e hoʻokō ʻia i ka puna, ma hope o ka hoʻokō ʻana paakiki o nahelehele... Aia ke kaʻina hana i ka lawe ʻana i nā strawberry i ke ea hou, e hoʻonui mālie ana i ka manawa no ka "hele wāwae".
Nā maʻi a me nā mea hōʻino
Kūpono ʻole nā strawberry Alba i nā maʻi fungal he nui, akā pinepine ka hopena anthracnose... ʻO ke kumu o ka hoʻomohala ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi he haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe. Hōʻike ʻia nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi e nā wahi ʻāhinahina-burgundy liʻiliʻi ma nā pā lau, a hoʻonui iki i ka nui. Inā ʻaʻohe mea i hana ʻia, make paha ka mahiko.
Ma ke ʻano he prophylaxis o ka maʻi, mālama ʻia nā mea kanu strawberry i kahi hopena o ka wai manganese a i ʻole Bordeaux wai.
Ke kū nā hōʻailona mua o kahi maʻi, mālama ʻia nā kanu strawberry me nā hoʻomākaukau kūikawā. Me kahi maʻi kiʻekiʻe, pono ʻoe e luku i nā nāhelehele āpau, a mālama i ka lepo me ka wai Bordeaux.
ʻO nā mea ʻino, hoʻouka pinepine ʻia nā strawberry aphids a me nā weevil, e hakakā aku ai lākou i ka pīpī ʻana me ka wai soapy a i ʻole nā hoʻomākaukau kūikawā.
Ua hoʻohoka ka ʻono o ka strawberry alba i nā kamaʻāina kau wela he nui. ʻAʻohe ona momona momona a haʻi ʻia kahi ʻala. Akā ua loaʻa ka laulā i ka launa i waena o nā mahiʻai e kanu i nā hua no ke kūʻai aku.
ʻO ka mālama maikaʻi ʻana i ka maikaʻi a me nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona e hāʻawi i ka alba me ka mana kūʻai kiʻekiʻe. Eia kekahi, he mea maʻalahi kēia strawberry i ka hoʻohana, no laila hiki ke loaʻa pinepine ʻia i nā māla ponoʻī.