ʻO ʻIvani Vladimirovich Michurin, kahi biologist a me ka mea hoʻokumu o ka ʻepekema koho, nāna i hānai i nā ʻano he nui o nā gooseberry, i kapa ʻia he hua waina mai ka ʻākau.
ʻO kahi lāʻau ulu mau e ʻoluʻolu i nā māla no nā kenekulia he nui., akā no ka mālama kūpono ʻole a i ʻole ka nānā ʻole ʻana iā lākou iho, uku ka gooseberry, ma ka ʻoi loa, me kahi hua haʻahaʻa, ʻoi loa ka make me nā maʻi a me nā mea ʻino.
He aha nā gooseberry e ʻeha ai
ʻOhi ka mea kanu ponoʻī, hiki ke make i nā gooseberry i nā hihia ʻelua inā hoʻouka ʻia nā mea ʻino a maʻi paha.
Inā makemake ʻoe i ka ulu lāʻau e ulu a hua i ka hua, a laila ʻoe e kiaʻi mau i kona ʻano.
ʻOi aku ka nui o ka maʻi gooseberry i nā maʻi fungus.ka mea i palahalaha koke e like me ke kōkua ʻia ʻana o nā spores o ka fungus e nā phenomena kūlohelohe i ke ʻano o ka ua a me ka makani.
Nā mea ʻino o ka pepelu - aphids, mites a me nā ʻenuhe - e hōʻeha i nā gooseberry. A ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, inā "hui ʻia" kēia mau pilikia ʻelua, a laila e mālama koke ʻia ka nahele.
ʻO ka mea mua, pono e mālama ʻia nā maʻi gooseberry, ʻaʻole nui loa o lākou, akā make lākou āpau i ka mea kanu.
Nā maʻi a me ka lāʻau
ʻO ka pua keʻokeʻo he pauka momona a spheroteka paha
He maʻi kēia e hoʻopili i ka nahele a pau, ma ka hua ma mua a ma nā ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka lau. mohala keʻokeʻo - ua hana ʻia i loko o kēia wā wikiwiki e hana.
ʻO ka piko o ka maʻi ka hopena o ke kauwela - ke kauwela mua, i kēia pae o ka spore o ka fungus, e hoʻopili ʻia nā kumu lāʻau hou. I ke kauwela, hoʻoikaika ka fungus, hana i ka conidia i loko o kekahi mau makahiki he ʻumi, i ka hāʻule - hoʻopili maoli ʻia ka mea kanu.
I ka manawa mua, hemo maʻalahi ka plaque mai ka pēpē, akā inā ʻaʻole i mālama ʻia, pouli, ʻeleʻele a lilo e like me ka manaʻo. Uhi ʻia ka mea kanu āpau me kēia mea i ʻike ʻia, hana hewa ʻole ia a ma hope o kekahi mau kau ua make palekana ia.
He aha e hana ai? Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻōla iā ia; no kēia mea, hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano hana he nui:
- e kāwili i kahi hopena o ka lehu soda me kahi kopa holoi holoi (50/50), e hoʻowīwī i ka ʻumi liters o ka wai, e pīpī i ka nahele a hiki i ka ʻōpuʻu ʻana.
- e kāwili i ka lepo o ka mauʻu me ka lepo hale hoʻouluulu, e hoʻokomo i kahi infusion (e kū ka infusion ma kahi o ʻekolu mau lā), e hoʻoheheʻe i 1/3 me ka wai, e pīpī i ka mea kanu holoʻokoʻa i 3 mau manawa i kēlā me kēia kau, ma mua o ka pua ʻana, ma hope o ka pua ʻana a i ke kauwela, ma mua o ka hāʻule ʻana o nā lau.
- ka pauma sinapi maloʻo (2 punetēpō), nā ʻōlika ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōpio a me ka horsetail - hoʻolapalapa no 30 mau minuke, ʻoluʻolu, hana i ka mea kanu holoʻokoʻa;
- tincture o nā ʻōkuhi tomato me ke kopa holoi (50 gram) - kāpī i ka nahele, uhi i ka mea kanu me nā ʻōmato no ka hoʻoilo.
ʻAʻole nā mea hoʻomake wale i ka pauka e hoʻomāinoino wale i ka gooseberry ponoʻī, nui nā mea kanu ulu kokoke e ʻeha ʻia e ia.
He aha e hana ai me ka anthracnose?
ʻO nā kiko ʻeleʻele e ulu a hoʻopili i nā lau āpau, hāʻule lākou, oki nā ʻōpio i ka ulu ʻana, make wale ka ʻohi.
Me kēia maʻi, pono e puhi i ka lau holoʻokoʻa, e mau ka fungus ma nā lau i ʻohi ʻole ʻia i ka puna.
ʻO ka hakakā hou aku:
- ʻehu me ka sulfate keleawe ma ka helu o 10 liters o ka wai 40 gram;
- ʻehu me ka wai Bordeaux - 4 mau manawa i kēlā me kēia kau, ma mua o ka pua ʻana, ma hope o ka pua ʻana, ʻelua pule ma hope o ka lua o ka pīpī ʻana a me ka manawa hope ma hope o ka ʻohi ʻana;
- hiki iā ʻoe ke noi i ke kīʻaha kīʻaha, colloidal sulfur a i ʻole chomycin.
Pehea e pakele ai i ka maʻi septoria?
ʻO ka manawa kūpono kūpono loa no kona hoʻomohala ʻana mai ka hopena o ka pūnāwai a hiki i ka hoʻomaka o ke kau wela, uhi ʻia nā ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o nā lau me ka pua keʻokeʻo a i ʻole nā kiko hina, no laila ua kapa ʻia ia he kiko ʻeleʻele, a he kiko keʻokeʻo paha.
Inā mālama ʻole ʻia ka mea kanu, hana nā wepa ʻeleʻele ma nā kihi o ka lau, a ʻike ʻia nā kiko ʻeleʻele ma ka lau ponoʻī, a hoʻopili pū ʻia nā wana ma ka nahele. Haʻalele a hāʻule i loko o hoʻokahi mahina.
Pehea e pakele ai: nā lālā loli a me nā lau i hāʻule e pono keʻoki koke a puhi, no ka mea, ʻaʻole make ka fungus me nā lau. Ma hope o ka hemo ʻana i nā wahi i hoʻopilikia ʻia, pono e mālama ʻia ka nāhelehele me nā fungicides.
Me septoria, pono ka nahele i ke keleawe, ka manganese, ka zinc a me ka boron, pono lākou e hoʻouluulu ʻia a kāwili pū ʻia me ka lepo a puni ka nahele!
Pākuʻi ʻo Goblet, a no ke aha e hāʻule ai nā hua
Hoʻopili ia i nā lau gooseberry me nā hua palaoa, ʻalani, aniani. Hoʻopili pū ʻia ka mea kanu i ka hopena o ka puna, i ka hoʻomaka o ke kauwela e loli ka mea kanu i waho, deforms. Lilo nā hua i mea ʻino a hāʻule.
Pono:
- hopena o ke ao holoʻokoʻa - hydrate crystalline (30-40 gram) no 10 liters o ka wai, hoʻoponopono i nā mea āpau āpau, a hiki i ka lepo ma lalo o ka ululāʻau a puni ka nahele;
- hoʻopili mau i nā mea momona e pili ana i ka phosphorus a me ka potassium.
Wehe i ka sedge inā aia ma kou wahi, a i ʻole kanu i nā gooseberry i kahi kiʻekiʻe aʻe kahi e kū ʻole ai ka wai.
Pehea e hana ai me ka mosaic gooseberry?
ʻO kahi lau melemele ma nā uaua o ka lau e wili ka lau a kū ka mea kanu i ka hua ʻana.
E ʻeli koke ʻia ka nāhelehele a puhi ʻia, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hiki ke mālama ʻia kahi gooseberry.
E kōkua wale ka pale ʻana, quarantine, omo insect lapaʻau a me nā māla mea hana disinfection.
Hewa anei ka nahele i kona lau? Pākuʻi kolamu!
Hana ʻia ma kahi mea kanu ma muli o ke kokoke i nā kumulāʻau coniferous... Uhi ʻia nā lau i nā pale ʻalani, he spore kēia i hana ʻia i ke kauwela.
ʻO ka hopena, hiki i ka nāhelehele ke hoʻokuʻu i kāna lau, hoʻoliʻiliʻi ka ulu a me ka hua. Hoʻolālā ka fungus i ka wā hoʻoilo ma nā lau hina o nā currants a ma nā conifers.
Iapaau ana:
- mālama ʻia ke kolamu kolamu e like me nā maʻi me ka antracnose;
- e ʻeli pono i ka lepo a puni ka nahele a puhi i nā lau i hāʻule.
He mea nui ʻaʻole e kanu i nā gooseberry e pili ana i nā conifers.
Nā māla pests a me nā ana hoʻomalu
Hiki i nā Gooseberry ke make i nā mea make, ʻaʻohe mea liʻiliʻi o lākou ma mua o nā maʻi, a inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e nānā iā lākou, hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻoia e lilo i kāu hua ʻāina.
O kahi laʻana:
- ʻenuhe - ka "makua" o ka butterfly sawfly a moth paha, ʻai i nā ovaries, hoʻopuni i ka nahele me nā ʻupena;
- aphid - pili i nā lau a me nā wana ʻelua, huki i nā kīʻaha koko, hiki ke hōʻeha no kahi manawa lōʻihi, ʻoiai paʻakikī e ʻike koke iā ia;
- ipu aniani - ʻai i ke kumu o nā wana;
- midge gall kau waena - ʻai ka larvae i nā pua, nā pua, nā lau;
- mite - komo i loko o nā pua gooseberry, hānai i ka wai o nā lau ʻōpio, a ʻo ia hoʻi, he mea lawe i ka virus terry.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke hakakā i kēia mau mea ʻino me nā lāʻau like, ʻo ka mea nui ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e kū ma ka pīpī hoʻokahi.
Ke wehe koke nā puʻupaʻa, koke mālama me karbofos a i ʻole actellik a hoʻomau i ka pīpī a ʻike ʻia nā ʻōpuʻu, ka mālama aʻe ma hope o ka pua ʻana.
Wehe a hoʻopau i nā wana a me nā lau i hōʻino ʻia inā hoʻomaka ka nahele e hoʻolei iā lākou.
Nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo pono a me nā hana pale
I hiki iā ʻoe ke inu i ke kī me nā gooseberry i ke ahiahi hoʻoilo, e nānā mau ʻoe i kona ʻano, e mālama i nā lula agrotechnical, a hoʻokō i ka pale ʻana.
E kōkua kēia mau ana a pau i ka mālama ʻana i ka nāhelehele a me nā mea kanu, a no laila he maʻamau, pono e hoʻoinu i ka mea kanu i ka manawa, keu aku inā wela ke kauwela - mahalo kēia hua i ke anuanu.
Pono e hoʻololi i nā hoʻomākaukau e luku i nā mea pests i kēlā me kēia makahiki, mai poina i nā ʻano ʻōiwi o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā ululāʻau mai nā "konohiki", no ka laʻana, no ke aha e hōʻiliʻili ʻole ai i nā ladybirds a hoʻokuʻu iā lākou e hele i nā aphids. A i ʻole i ka mua o ka pūnāwai, ninini i ka wai i hoʻolapalapa ma luna o ka laʻalāʻau holoʻokoʻa.
Pono e hānai i nā lāʻau i ka manawa... Pono kēia i nā mea momona a me nā mea mineral, e laʻa me ka puna, ma mua o ka hemo ʻana o nā ʻōpuʻu, e hoʻohui i ka amonium nitrate (25 gram) a me ka urea (30 gram) no ka mika mika. mika.
I hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope mai, i ka hāʻule, potash-phosphorus fertilizers manunu pala, potassium koloride a me superphosphate.
Ke kū nei me kou kua i ka nahele, e lūlū i ka mea momona ma kahi mamao o ʻelua mau mika, e hoʻokuʻu i ka honua, no ka mea aia ke kumu o ke aʻa i kahi hohonu a hiki i ka hapalua mika.
ʻO nā mea momona potassium-phosphorus a me kā lākou hoʻohana i ka wā hoʻoilo:
ʻO ka ulu lāʻau: ʻo ke kiaʻi a me ka berry papaʻai
Hoʻohana ʻia ka moʻomeheu berry no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o compotes, jelly, a me jam, ʻaʻole ia ka wahi hope loa i ka cosmetology a me nā dietetics, no ka mea, he nui ka hua o ka berry a me nā huaora.
Ua lawa ka ʻai ʻana i ka hapalua kilogram o nā hua i hoʻokahi lā i mea e hoʻopiha ai i ka papaʻai me nā micro a me nā mea macro āpau, e hoʻokuʻu i nā ʻōpū a hoʻohuli i ke kaʻina hana o ka lilo ʻana o ka paona.
Hiki i kahi ulu pua gooseberry oʻo i 1.5 m ke kiʻekiʻe a ʻelua mau mika ka laulā, he mau nō ka mea kanu, he nui nā kumu a, inā e nānā pono ʻia, e hua mau nō ia. I kekahi manawa mai kahi ulu lāʻau hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻiliʻili i 25 kg hua waina ʻākau.
Ma kahi pā pilikino, hiki ke kanu ma ke anapuni o ka pā, ma kahi o 1.5-2 m ka pā mai ka pā, e ulu ka gooseberry a pāʻani pū i ke kūlana o ke kiaʻi, no ka mea ʻaʻohe malihini e hele ma waena o kāna ululāʻau kakalaioa.