I kēia lā aia he nui loa o nā ʻano hua moa like ʻole, a he ʻano kū hoʻokahi ko kēlā me kēia.
Kū'ē i ke kāʻei kua o nā lāhui ʻē aʻe āpau, hiki ke kāhea ʻia ka maran ʻo kekahi o nā kumu kumu a kikoʻī hoʻi, mai ka wā hoʻomoe kēia mau moa i nā hua manu o kahi kala ʻeleʻele ʻokoʻa... Akā ʻo ka waiwai o ka lāhui ʻaʻole wale i ke kala ʻokoʻa o nā hua manu.
Kinohi
Ua hānai ʻia kēia ʻano e nā poʻe Farani ma 1985. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā lākou ke mahalo i nā ʻano poʻokela lua ʻole o ka Maran ma 1914 wale nō, i ka manawa a nā mea hana i hōʻike ai i kā lākou ʻano hou ma ka hōʻike La Lahelhelle.
Mai ia manawa, ua hoʻolaha ʻia kēia mau moa ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, ua hānai ʻia lākou e nā mahiʻai moa a puni ka honua.
ʻO ka inoa o ka lāhui mai ka inoa o ke kūlanakauhale kahi i hānai ʻia ai - Maran.
ʻO ka wahi o kēia kūlanakauhale ʻo ka ʻaoʻao komohana o Palani. ʻO ka ʻāina ma aneʻi he mānoanoa, a no ke kokoke o ka Moana ʻAkelanika ma ke komohana o Palani ua anuanu loa ia.
O ia ke kumu hoʻomaʻa maikaʻi ʻia kēia mau moa i nā kūlana pōʻino. A no ka mea nō o kēia ʻano e makemake nui ʻia ka lāhui ʻaʻole wale ma Palani, akā ma loko o ʻEulopa.
Wehewehe
Hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi nā mea mahi manu nā manuʻai manuahi i ka maran mai nā ʻanoʻano ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka mea mua, e nānā ana i kēia mau moa, ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi ke ʻike ʻole i ko lākou ʻano haʻaheo, a koʻikoʻi hoʻi.
A koe, he helehelena kupaianaha loa ko nā manu: nā ʻōniʻoniʻo a me nā plumage ʻano ʻole, paʻa loa i ke kino. I ka wā ʻalalā, hoʻomālamalama ka hulu a ʻālohilohi me nā kala ʻōlinolino, i nani ai ka moa.
Nā hiʻohiʻona hiwahiwa o nā moa maran
- Nui nui like 'ole.
- Kinona loloa kino kino
- Liʻiliʻi poʻo.
- Ke kau nei i ka ʻaoʻao scallop me nā niho ʻeono.
- ʻAlani ʻulaʻula maka.
- Nui nā apo pepeiao i nā kāne.
- Huelo liʻiliʻikau ʻia i lalo ma ke kihi 45 degere.
Hoʻohui ʻia, hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā moa o kēia laha e nā wāwae māmā ikaika i hoʻomohala pono ʻia me 4 mau manamana wāwae i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia.
ʻO ka wāwae, ma ke ʻano he rula, ʻaʻohe ona ikaika i ka plumage, akā ma nā manamana nui he fluff liʻiliʻi. I kekahi manawa uhi ʻia nā ʻaoʻao o waho o nā ʻūhā me ka plumage.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa ka koleka i hoʻohanohano ʻia i ka ʻāʻī o nā kāne.
Nā kūlana paʻa
Hoʻohanohano ʻia nā moa Maran e kahi ʻano mālie, no laila ʻaʻohe o lākou hakakā me nā moa ʻē aʻe.
Eia nō naʻe, me ko lākou ʻano mālie a me ka maluhia, he maʻalahi lākou, no laila e mālama ʻia lākou i loko o kahi pā ākea a manuahi hoʻi. Ke hele nei ka koho ʻoi loa no ka maran.
E noʻonoʻo pono i nā papa i ka lewa ākea no kahi manawa lōʻihi e lawe maikaʻi loa.
ʻOiai ko lākou unpretentiousness a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka maʻi, ʻaʻole makemake kēia mau manu i kahi wai kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ia hoʻi e maloʻo ka hale moa. No kēia, koi ʻia e ea i ka lumi i nā manawa a pau e hiki ai, a, inā pono, e hāʻawi iā ia me ka hoʻomehana a hoʻokau paha i kahi peahi.
Eia kekahi, marans pono i ke ʻano māmā kiʻekiʻe: no ka ulu piha, hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka waiho ʻana i nā hua maikaʻi i ka hoʻoilo, pono lākou e hoʻolako i nā kukui no 10-11 mau hola i ka lā.
Mālama maikaʻi ʻia kēia laha ʻaʻole wale ma nā mahiʻai ʻoihana, akā i nā pā mahi ʻai ponoʻī kekahi.
Nā ʻano
No Maran ka ʻohana a me nā ʻano moa o ka moa. Eia kekahi, he nui nā hua a me nā manu ponoʻī.
- ʻO ke kaumaha o ka wahine makua 2.5-3.2 kg.
- He moa makua - 3.3-4 kg.
- Kaumaha o ka wahine ʻōpio - mai ka 2 kg.
- Hoʻokahi moa makahiki - mai ka 3 kg.
- ʻO ka nuipaʻa o hoʻokahi hua manu 80 g
- ʻO kahi hua manu mai kahi moa ʻōpio ke kaupaona ʻia 65-70 g.
Me ka mālama kūpono a me ka mālama ʻana i nā kūlana no ka mālama pololei ʻana o nā moa, hāʻawi kahi papa i 150 mau hua i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
Inā mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i kahi lāhui e like me ka dwarf maran, a laila penei ke ʻano:
- Kaona moa - 1.1-1.2 kg.
- Kaona moa - a i 1 kg.
- ʻO ka nui hua manu ma kahi o 40 g
Hānai moa
Moe hoʻomoe. ʻO ka papaʻai nui o ka maran ʻo ia ka meaʻai like e like me ka ʻai ʻana o nā ʻano moa ʻē aʻe. I mea e loaʻa pono ai nā manu i ke kaupaona a lawe i kahi lawa o nā hua, pono e hāʻawi iā lākou i ka hānai piha a kaulike.
Mea nui: ke waiho nei i nā hen i kekahi hihia ʻaʻole pono e hānai a hānai nui ʻia paha, ʻoiai ma nā hihia mua a ʻelua hoʻi, ʻo ka hānai kūpono ʻole e alakaʻi i ka hōʻemi o ka hana hua manu.
ʻO ia ke kumu e hoʻomaʻamaʻa pono ai nā mahiʻai nā manuʻai moa i ka hānai hānai no kā lākou mau holoholona.
ʻO hoʻokahi moa e waiho ana e ʻai ma kahi o 75 g o ka hānai pūhui i ka lā inā ʻai ʻo ia i ka hānai pūhui wale nō. I kēia hihia, pono e hoʻokaʻawale i ka hānai ʻana i ka hapalua.
Koe ka meaʻai maloʻo pono nō hoʻi e hāʻawi i nā greens a me nā mea kanu like ʻole.
ʻO kahi laʻana, ka mauʻu ʻōmaʻomaʻo, kāpeti ʻoki maikaʻi ʻia, nā turnipa, nā rutabagas. Pono e loaʻa i ka moa hoʻomoe kēlā ʻano hānai. Pono e hāʻawi ʻia ʻekolu a ʻehā mau manawa i ka lā. ʻO ka nui a me ka maikaʻi o nā greens hou a ka moa e ʻai ai ke kuleana no ka ʻōlinolino o ka hua moa.
Hiki ke kūʻai ʻia i ka hānai pūʻai a mākaukau, a i ʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomākaukau iā ʻoe iho. ʻO nā hānai hoʻohui maʻamau o nā mea i lalo:
- 12% palaoa palaoa.
- 45% kulina.
- 7% pāʻina ʻai sunflower.
- 7% barley.
- 8% peas.
- 4-5% hānai hū, iʻa, ʻiʻo a me ka iwi a me ka ʻai mauʻu.
- 7% ʻāhinahina, pālau, kapelu.
- 0,3% paʻakai.
I mea e hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻia ai ka meaʻai, koi ʻia e hāʻawi i ka manu i nā ʻiliʻili liʻiliʻi a me ke one quartz.
ʻO ka ʻāpana nui o ka papaʻai o nā moa (ma kahi o 70%) pono e hānai ʻia i ka waiū, a ʻo ke koena ka protein.
ʻO ka waiwai kūpono o ka hānai hoʻohui maʻamau:
- Palaka — 15-18%.
- Nā momona — 3-5%.
- Puluniu meaʻai — 4-6%.
Ke ulu nei nā moa ʻōpio, akā ua hoʻomaka mua e hoʻomoe i nā hua, pono e hoʻolako ʻia me kahi papaʻai momona.
Aia i loko o ka hānai mākaukau nā mea hoʻohui e pono ai no nā manuʻai, akā ʻaʻole lawa paha lākou. ʻOiai he mea nui ka calcium no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi pūpū hua manu ikaika, Paipai ʻia nā moa e hānai ʻia me nā mea hoʻopiha calcium.
No laila, aia ka calcium i loko o ka paʻakai i kāpī ʻia, ka pōhaku pūpū nui, ka ʻai ʻana o ka iwi, nā hua manu i ulupa ʻia.
I kekahi manawa ua kāwili ʻia nā mea hoʻopihapiha calcium me ka hānai nui, a hāʻawi ʻokoʻa ʻia i kekahi manawa. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui i nā mea hoʻohui calcium i piha i ka mea hānai, ʻoiai ʻo ka manu ponoʻī e hoʻoholo i ka nui e pono ai.
Hanai keiki ʻana
I mea e hōʻoia ai i ke kaulike kiʻekiʻe o nā meaola e pono ai no nā moa, pono e hānai ʻia e like me ka papa kuhikuhi kikoʻī.
- ʻO nā lā mua ʻekolu o ke ola - ʻokiʻoki i nā hua i hoʻolapalapa ʻia a me ka tī wai i kēlā me kēia 2 hola.
- 3-6 lā - Pākuʻi ʻia ka mila millet a i ʻole ka grits kānana i nā hua.
- Mai ka lā 6 ua hoʻolauna ʻia kahi pūpū pae a iʻa iʻa paha. Pono e hānai ʻia nā moa i nā manawa he 5-6.
- Mai ka lā 10 hoʻemi ʻia ka nui o nā hānai i ʻehā.
- Mai ka lā 14 - nā mea kanu mea kanu (no ka laʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi i nā ʻūnū, alfalfa, kāloti, clover).
Eia kekahi, pono e hāʻawi ʻia nā moa i ka wai me kahi waiwaliwali o ka manganese i kēlā me kēia 4-7 mau lā.
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā moa Maran e ka mālama unpretentious like me nā manu makua. No ka pule mua o ke ola, pono lākou i kahi brooder (ke ana wela 30 kekelē), a ma hope o 7 mau lā hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia lākou i waho no 2-3 mau hola.
I ka hala ʻana o 2-3 mau pule o ka pīpī, hiki iā lākou ke noho i ka moa moa i ka lā holoʻokoʻa. Akā i ka pō pono lākou e lawe i kahi lumi mahana.
Mai nā lā 30 o ka makahiki, ʻo ka meaʻai a me ka nohona o nā moa makua e like me ka poʻe mākua.
Nā ʻano: keleawe-ʻeleʻele, palaoa, cuckoo a me nā mea ʻē aʻe
ʻOiai ʻo nā moa maran āpau e waiho i nā hua pala, he nui nā ʻano o kēia laha me nā koho kala like ʻole.
ʻEleʻele keleawe. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ke koho kala nui maʻamau no ka lāhui Maran. He umauma ʻeleʻele ka moa me nā blotches ʻulaʻula he nui. ʻO kona kua a me ka ʻāʻī he ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, a pena ʻia ka hulu o ka huelo i ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele.
ʻEleʻele loa ka wahine. Aia nā kiko ʻulaʻula liʻiliʻi ma kona umauma, a me kahi lei ʻulaʻula ma kona ʻāʻī. ʻOi aku ka moa o ka maran ʻeleʻele keleawe ma mua o ka moa ʻōlinolino.
Palaoa. ʻO nā hulu ma ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī o ka moa he gula ʻōlinolino, ʻeleʻele ka umauma. Ua pena ʻia ka hulu ma ka ʻaoʻao i ʻulaʻula, a ʻeleʻele nā hulu o ka huelo. ʻO ka moa he ʻaneʻane he gula-ʻulaʻula, a ʻeleʻele ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī - ʻeleʻele māmā. ʻO nā hulu ma ka ʻōpū a me ka umauma he beige kala.
ʻO Cuckoo. ʻElua ʻano o ka waihoʻoluʻu cuckoo:
- ʻUlaʻula cuckoo - ʻoi aku kahi hiʻohiʻona cuckoo maopopo i nā wahine.
- Kālā kālā cuckoo - hulu keokeo o nā hulu o nā moa i keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo. I kēia hihia, ʻoi aku ka māmā a me ka mōakāka o nā moa.
ʻEleʻele-huelo. ʻAneʻane i ke kino holoʻokoʻa o nā manu kahi kala ʻulaʻula me ke aniani gula. ʻEleʻele ka huelo, kala ʻia me nā kiko ʻalani liʻiliʻi.
ʻO ka ʻeleʻele. ʻO nā moa Maran o kēia ʻano ʻane ʻane ʻeleʻele loa. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻohe o lākou blotches kala.
Keʻokeʻo. Keʻokeʻo loa nā manu.
Kolomiana. ʻO kahi nani a me ke kala ʻokoʻa: ʻo ka moa i kēia hihia he keʻokeʻo loa ia, a ua hoʻonani ʻia kona ʻāʻī me ka lei ʻeleʻele.
ʻEleʻele kālā... ʻAno like kēia kala me ke kala o nā moa keleawe keleawe, akā i kēia mea pena ʻia nā hulu i ke kālā-ʻeleʻele.
Dwarf maran. Kūlike kēlā mau manu mai nā marans maʻamau i kā lākou liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi. I ka manawa like, moe lākou i nā hua i ka liʻiliʻi loa i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me nā mea maʻamau.
Hoʻohana hānau
Hāpai ʻia kēia ʻano e like me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomoe i nā hua ma lalo o ka hen a i nā moa kau i loko o kahi incubator.
Pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia e noʻonoʻo nā mahiʻai nā mea moa nā hua manu o ke kala ʻeleʻele ikaika kūpono kūpono no ka hana ʻana i nā moa maikaʻi a olakino hoʻi. Pili kēia i ka manaʻo ākea ke komo nā helminths i ka hua manu, nalowale kona lepe i kona kala a ʻeleʻele a i melemele hoʻi.
No ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā hua ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele mai nā moa āpau i ka hale hen, pono pono e koho i nā hua ʻeleʻele loa no ka hatching i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻO nā wahine, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, i hoʻomoe i nā hua manu o ke kala lawa ʻole lawa ʻole, hoʻohana maikaʻi ʻia no kaʻiʻo.
ʻOiai paʻakikī a paʻa mau nā hua manu o nā ʻelele o kēia laha, ke hatching i nā keiki, pono e hōʻoia i nā moa nāwaliwali i hiki ʻole ke haki i ka pūpū a puka i waho ʻaʻole e make.
No kēia, paipai ʻia e mālama i ka wela i loko o ka lumi me nā hua ma 75%. Hoʻohui hou
Nā maʻi a me ka lāʻau
ʻO nā maʻi maʻamau i nā moa e pili ana i kēia:
Dropsy o ka hū ʻōpū.
- Nā kumu: hoʻohaunaele i ka wai paʻakai paʻakai, hoʻohiolo o nā puʻupaʻa, ka puʻuwai, ke ake.
- Nā Hōʻailona: Hoʻonui ʻia ka ʻōpū, paʻa ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū. Kaumaha, hele wāwae kau, lethargy.
- Iapaau ana: Ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā kumu nui, ka hou ʻana i ka ʻōpū me kahi syringe a me ka paipū ʻana i ka wai. Hoʻomaʻo me nā diuretics (horsetail, bearberry).
Ascariasis, heterokidosis.
Mālama ʻia nā manu e nā ʻenuhe me ka piperazine, phenothiazine, hygromycin. Hoʻohui ʻia nā hoʻomākaukau me ka hānai i nā ʻōmole i hōʻike ʻia i nā ʻōkuhi. Pono pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe pinepine i nā wahi, holoi i nā mea hānai a me nā mea inu me ka wai kohua.
ʻO ka disinfection o ka lumi me nā lāʻau e like me ka hopena xylonaphtha, fluorochlorophenol, soda caustic a i ʻole ka solution alkali lehu. Pono ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe maʻamau o ka moa moa mai nā pulu pono.
ʻUmiʻi
He maʻi lele ka maʻi, no laila lele koke nā manu maʻi i nā mea olakino. Inā mālama ʻole ʻia, hiki i nā moa ke ʻeha mai ka scabies no nā makahiki.
Mālama maʻalahi ʻia ka maʻi: pono pono e hoʻopaʻa i nā paws o ka moa i hoʻopili ʻia i ka wai soapy mehana no 30 mau minuke, a laila hamo iā lākou me ka hopena o ke creolin.
Pooferoids
Hoʻouka ʻia nā moa e nā mea kolo ʻēheu ʻole, nā meaʻai e ʻoki ʻia ai nā ʻili o ka ʻili a me nā hulu ulu. Ma ke ʻano he rula, hiki ke loaʻa kēia mau mea make ma kahi moa maʻi ma kahi o ka cloaca a ma lalo o nā ʻeheu.
Ma ke ʻano he lapaʻau, a me ka prophylaxis, hoʻokomo ʻia kahi pahu me ka hui ʻana o ke one maikaʻi a me ka lehu wahie i loko o ka hale moa. Hoʻopili ʻia i lalo a puhi ʻia nā hulu o nā moa.
Nā mea maikaʻi
- ʻOko ka ʻiʻo a me nā hua ʻono maikaʻi loa.
- Kēia lāhui hemo male maikaʻi i nā kūlana pōʻino ʻē aʻe.
- Moa moa loaʻa ka palekana maikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa maʻi.
- ʻOkoʻa nā hua manu mai nā moa mai nā ʻanoʻano ʻē aʻe i kahi ʻano maʻamau palaunu.
- Loaʻa nā hua manu a me nā kupapaʻu o nā manu kahi nui aʻe.
- Mahalo i ka pūpū mānoanoa a ikaika hoʻi, nā hua moa aneane ʻole komo ʻole nā helminths.
Nā mea maikaʻi ʻole
Maliʻa paha hiki ke kapa ʻia ka drawback o nā moa maran i nā pilikia e ala aʻe i kekahi manawa i nā moa e huki mai kahi hua manu ma muli o ka pūpū mānoanoa.
Manaʻo ʻia ʻo Maran kekahi o nā hua moa maikaʻi loa. He maikaʻi wale nā loiloi e pili ana iā lākou.
No laila, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā mea mahi manu, me ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā ʻano maikaʻi i helu ʻia ma luna, e hoʻomaopopo he ʻokoʻa nā moa o kēia ʻano e ka hana maikaʻi, a he hopena maikaʻi kāna i ka momona.
Me ka mālama kūpono a me ka ukali ʻana i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a pau no ka hoʻoulu ʻana a me ke kāhiko ʻana, e hauʻoli ana kāu mau holoholona iā ʻoe me nā ʻōuli hana maikaʻi. ʻO nā moa ponoʻī a me kā lākou mau hua manu kokoleka ʻokoʻa e lilo i mea nui i kāu mahiʻai.
Loiloi wikiō o kēia laha
Ke kono aku nei mākou iā ʻoe e nānā i kahi loiloi wikiō o kēia ʻano me kahi wehewehe a me ka loiloi a ka mea nona.