ʻO nā hua Strawberry ka berry makemake nui ʻia e nā mākua a me nā keiki, ʻo ia ke kumu e loaʻa ai iā lākou ma kahi o nā māla. Akā ma mua o ke kanu ʻana i kēia moʻomeheu, nui nā kamaʻāina o ke kauwela e kū nei i kahi koho paʻakikī o kekahi ʻano. I mea e mālama ai i kahi i loko o ka māla a loaʻa ka nui o ka hōʻiliʻili i hiki, pono ʻoe e hoʻolohe i nā strawberry Elsanta. Ma kēia ʻatikala e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ka wehewehe o kēia ʻano Victoria.
Ka wehewehe o ka ʻano o victoria elsanta
Ua hoʻomohala ʻia ʻo Elsanta strawberry i Holland ma 1981 e ke keʻa ʻana iā Gorella a me Holiday.
Mai ka hoʻoulu ʻana o kēia ʻano, ua lilo ia ʻano ʻano o ka hae a hiki i kēia lā ke kuhikuhi nui o ka maikaʻi.
Ulu ka nahele o nā mea kanu i ka nui waena, he laha nawaliwali. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hoihoi i ka nui o nā ʻumiʻumi a me nā rosette i hoʻokumu ʻia ma luna o lākou.
Liʻiliʻi nā ʻōpala ʻo Elsanta, ma ka awelika, kekahi o lākou e kau ana he 45-50 gram, he conical ākea a pōʻai paha i ko lākou ʻano. Ma waho, ʻo nā hua e ʻulaʻula a aniani, ʻoiai ʻulaʻula a momona loa ia. ʻOno ka ʻono o kēlā ʻano strawberry, me ka awaawa iki. ʻO kekahi o nā pōmaikaʻi nui o ia mau hua ke ʻano o ko lākou kiʻiona, no ka mea ua mālama ʻia ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, a ʻaʻole pilikia ka lawe ʻana.
Kū ka hua o Elsanta i nā huaʻōlelo a lōʻihi ka lōʻihi, i hiki i ka 1.5 kilokilo o nā hua ke ʻohi ʻia mai kahi ulu lāʻau. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka hua i loaʻa no ka ʻai hou, ka hau ʻana a me ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o nā ʻano hoʻomākaukau like ʻole.
Kumuhana i nā lula āpau no ke kanu ʻana i nā mea kanu, hiki ke ʻohi ʻia nā hua mua i ke kau aʻe.
No ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi hōʻiliʻili kiʻekiʻe, pono e hoʻohou hou i ke kanu ʻana i kēlā me kēia makahiki i ka 3-4.
ʻAʻole ʻae kēia ʻano i ke anuanu a me ka maloʻo maikaʻi. Me ka ʻole o ka puʻuhonua, e make kēlā mea kanu inā e heleleʻi ka mahana ma lalo o -14 kekelē.
Māhele o ka ulu maoli
Ke manaʻo nei ua hānai ʻia ʻo Elsanta ma ʻEulopa, a laila e lilo ke aniau a wela paha i nā kūlana maikaʻi no kāna mahi ʻana.
Hiki i kēia ʻano ke aʻa i ke ala maikaʻi loa ma ka hema a ma waena paha o Lūkia, kahi e hōʻike ʻole ʻia ai nā mea kanu i nā anuanu anuanu.
Eia nō naʻe, pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia e hiki mai ana nā hau hau loa i waenakonu o Rūsia, kahi e hūnā ʻia ai a pale ʻia nā strawberry.
Nā pōmaikaʻi a me nā maikaʻi ʻole o ka ʻano
Nā pono like ʻole:
- he hua nunui me ka ʻono maikaʻi loa;
- hua kiʻekiʻe, mahalo i ka mea i makemake nui ʻia ʻo "Elsanta";
- ʻae maikaʻi nā hua i ka lawe ʻana;
- ʻo ke ola o kēlā mau strawberry i ka mahana o ka lumi he 3 mau lā, a inā ʻoe e hoʻokomo i nā hua i loko o ka pahu hau, e hoʻomau lākou i ko lākou hou no 5 mau lā;
- ʻaʻole pono ka lāʻau i ka ʻai pinepine;
- ʻaʻole makaʻu ka mea kanu i nā maʻi viral, fungal spot a me verticillosis.
Nā mea maikaʻi ʻole:
- ke kūpale kūpilikiʻi ʻino, ka mea e pale ai iā Elsanth mai ka ulu ʻana i nā wahi me ke aniau ʻino;
- ka kaukaʻi ʻana i ka hoʻoinu pinepine a me ka nui;
- predisposition i nā maʻi e like me ke aʻa pala a me ka pauka mehana.
Ke kanu nei a haʻalele
I mea e hāʻawi ai ʻo Elsanta i kahi hōʻiliʻili maikaʻi, pono ʻoe e hāhai i nā lula āpau no ke kanu ʻana i nā mea kanu. Paipai ʻia kēia ʻano strawberry e kanu i ka lau, i ka hapa lua o Kepakemapa. Ke kanu ʻana i ka wā puna, aia ka makaʻu i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hua liʻiliʻi.
Pono nō e hoʻomākaukau i nā moena, no ka mea, ʻeli pono ʻia ka honua, nāhelehele, wāwahi i nā puʻupuʻu a hoʻoinu nui ʻia me ka wai.
Ma hope o kahi lā, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaka e hana i nā lua a me ke kanu ʻana i nā mea kanu. Paipai nā māla ʻike i ka waiho ʻana i nā strawberry i ke ala i waena o nā lālani he 40 kenimika, a ma waena o nā lua o ka lālani he 25 kenimika.
Hoʻopili ʻia nā mea momona aʻe i 1 mika mika o ka lepo:
- 3 kilokilo o ka manure pala a compost paha;
- 10 gram o ka potassium chloride;
- 30 gram o superphosphate.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ke kanu aku i nā ʻōpō i ke ao kūohu, ka ua.
He mea maʻalahi ke kanu ʻana iho, a hiki i nā mea āpau ke kūpale me ia. ʻO ka mea mua, hemo loa ka honua, a ma hope o nā lua 8-10 kenimika hohonu e ʻeli ai a waiho ʻia nā lāʻau ma laila. Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka hana, hoʻoinu ʻia nā strawberry a palu ʻia me ka peat, compost a humus paha.
Mālama Strawberry
ʻAʻole ʻae ka ʻokoʻa i ka maloʻo maikaʻi, no laila ke kānāwai nui i ka wā e ulu ana i kēia mau hua a lawa a kūpono i ka hoʻoinu. I ka mahina mua ma hope o ke kanu ʻana, hana hou ʻia ke kaʻina hana i kēlā me kēia lā, a ma hope iho ua hoʻemi iki ʻia ka nui o nā wai i 1 manawa i kēlā me kēia pule. I nā lā wela a maloʻo hoʻi, hoʻoinu ʻia ʻo Elsanthu hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia 4-5 mau lā. Pono e noʻonoʻo i ka 8-10 liters o ka wai e hoʻolauna ʻia i kēlā me kēia mika mika o ke kanu ʻana.
Pono e hoʻopili ʻia nā ulu lāʻau mai ka lā wela a pīpī ʻia me nā lau i nā wai wela.
ʻO kekahi hana nui ʻē aʻe e wehe ʻia a wehe ʻia nā nāhelehele i ka manawa kūpono, i hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia ʻelua pule.
ʻAʻole koi nā māla ʻike i ka momona ʻana i kēia ʻano strawberry, koe wale no 3 mau makahiki o ke ola, ke pau ka mea kanu a me ka ʻole o ke kākoʻo hou, e loli paha ka nui a me ka maikaʻi o ka hua.
- I ka hopena o Kepakemapa, i ka hopena o ka hua ʻelua, hānai ʻia nā nāhelehele me nā meaola a me nā mea kanu mineral paʻakikī.
- I ka puna, i ka manawa e hau ai a paʻa ka wā, hoʻopili ʻia ka urea a i ʻole nā mea hoʻomomona i loaʻa i ka nitrogen ma lalo o nā strawberry.
Ke hoʻohana nei i nā mea momona mineral, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻoinu ʻana i nā aisles e pale i ka hōʻino ʻana i nā lau o nā mea kanu.
Ke hoʻomākaukau nei i nā strawberry no ka hoʻoilo
Ke manaʻo nei ʻaʻole ʻae ʻo Elsant "i ke anuanu, pono e hoʻomākaukau no ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻoilo, no ka mea, lawelawe ʻia kēia ʻano ʻano hana:
- Lau ʻoki;
- Ka wehe ʻana i nā ʻāpana mea kanu maʻi.
- Ka mālama ʻana i nā nāhelehele mai nā ʻano mea pests like ʻole;
- Ke wehe nei i ka lepo, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka waiho ʻana i ka nāhelehele i kahi kūpono, no ka mea hiki i kā lākou hemo ʻana ke hoʻopōʻino i ke aʻa aʻa strawberry, ʻaʻole paha he manawa e ola ai ma mua o ka hau mua.
- A laila lawe lākou i ka hoʻoinu wai hoʻoulu nui a mulch i ka mea kanu me ka peat, nā nila, ka mauʻu maloʻo a i ʻole nā lau;
- ʻO ka hana hope loa e uhi pono i nā strawberry.
Aia ʻelua mau manaʻo e pili ana i ka ʻoki ʻana iā Elsanta:
- Manaʻo kekahi hui o nā māla ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ʻaʻole e hoʻopilikia i nā hana kūlohelohe a wehe i nā lau ma mua o ka hoʻoilo. ʻO kēia no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi i kahi pale hou no nā puʻupaʻa;
- ʻo ka manaʻo ʻelua, ʻo ka ʻoki ʻana i nā lau e hoʻoulu ai i ka mea kanu pono a hua kiʻekiʻe i kēia makahiki aʻe.
I mea e hōʻeha ʻole ai i ka mea kanu i ka wā o ke ʻoki ʻana, pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻo ia wale nō nā lau a me nā antennae o ka strawberry e hemo pololei ʻia, ʻoiai e paʻa mau nā ʻōpuʻu.
Uhi lākou i ka nahele ma hope o ka hala ʻana o nā hau mua. Pono kēia i mea e paʻakikī ai lākou a maikaʻi ke ola i ka hau hoʻoilo. Hiki ke hoʻohana i nā lālā Spruce, mauʻu, lau lau maloʻo a i ʻole mea uhi uhi kūikawā e like me ka uhi ʻana i nā mea. Paipai nā māla mākaukau i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka makemake i nā mea kūlohelohe, no ka mea, kahe ka lewa ma o lākou lā, e pale ana i nā strawberry mai ka pala a pala.
Nā hana hana hou
Hāʻawi ʻia ʻo ka strawberry Elsanta kahi ʻano hybrid, hoʻohana pinepine ʻole ʻia ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka hua, no ka mea, i kēia hihia ʻaʻohe hiki ke hoʻomau i nā ʻano o ka mea kanu makuahine.
ʻO ke kaʻina o ka ulu ʻana i nā lūlū mai nā ʻanoʻano penei:
- I ka mua, holoi a hoʻomaloʻo ʻia nā ʻanoʻano;
- 2-3 mau mahina ma mua o ke kanu ʻana i nā lūlū i ka lepo ākea, hoʻomoe ʻia nā ʻanoʻano i loko o nā ipu, uhi ʻia me kahi ʻāpana lahilahi o ka honua a hoʻomaʻū pono ʻia;
- E mālama ʻia ka mālama hou aʻe i ka hoʻoinu maʻamau a me ka manawa kūpono.
Kūpono wale ka hoʻolaha Mustache no nā mea kanu ikaika a olakino hoʻi. Ma kēlā me kēia ulu lāʻau, koho ʻia ka ʻumeke ikaika loa a pelu me ka rosette i ka honua, pono e hemo i ke koena o ka ʻumiʻumi. Pono pono e mālama i kēlā pana e like me ka seedling. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea kanu i hoʻokahi pule ma mua o ke kanu ʻana.
I ka hāʻule, ʻeli ʻia kahi mea kanu ʻekolu mau makahiki mai ka honua a mahele ʻia i mau ʻāpana, a ʻo kēlā me kēia mea pono kahi kī maikaʻi me nā lau ʻekolu.
Pāpā ʻia ka prune a lawelawe i nā aʻa i kēlā me kēia ʻano.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hua ʻana
Lawe ka ʻano i ka nui o ka ʻohi ʻana, ka mea i kaulana ʻaʻole wale no kona ʻono a me kona helehelena, akā no kāna kiʻekiʻena kiʻekiʻe. Eia kekahi, he nui hou aku nā hiʻohiʻona o kēia mea kanu:
- Hiki ke ʻono nā strawberry mua o kēia ʻano i ka hoʻomaka o Iune, a inā ʻoe e mālama pono i ka lāʻau, hiki iā ia ke hauʻoli iā ʻoe me nā hua ʻono no 3-4 mau pule;
- No ka mālama ʻana i ka mānoanoa o nā hua, pono ʻoe e mālama i ke kahe pono o ka wai, ʻo ia hoʻi, i ka wā o ka hua ʻana, hoʻomaʻū wale ka lepo ma lalo o ka ululāʻau ma hope o ka maloʻo iki ʻana;
- ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona me ka nele o ka lā, ʻaʻole i oʻo nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo o nā hua a keʻokeʻo.
Hiki ke ulu i kēia ʻano ma waho a ma ka hale kōmahana, akā nui ka poʻe māla e ʻōlelo i ka hua ke hua maikaʻi ma lalo o ka uhi.
Nā maʻi a me nā mea hōʻino
ʻO ka ʻāpana maʻalahi loa o ka mea kanu nā aʻa, i prone i ka pala a i ʻole fungus, i hiki ʻole ke hemo pinepine ʻia, a ʻo ke ala wale nō e hemo ai ka lau nahele.
ʻO nā ʻano hana e hana nei ma ke ʻano he mea pale:
- ka wehe ʻana i ka lau kahiko i ka manawa kūpono;
- ʻeli a puhi ʻana i nā mea kanu i loli;
- neʻe i nā mea kanu i kahi hou i kēlā me kēia 3-4 mau makahiki;
- ka nāhelehele mau a me ka palu ʻana;
- i ka hāʻule, i ka wā o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o nā mea kanu no ka hoʻoilo, ninini ʻia ka lepo a puni me ka hopena o Brodsky wai a i ʻole emulsion keleawe.
ʻAʻohe pilikia ka ʻāpana o nā mea kanu i nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole.
ʻO nā strawberry ʻo Elsanta kahi ʻano maʻamau no kēia moʻomeheu berry. He nui nā mea maikaʻi nā hua pods, a ʻaʻole pono ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i nā mea kanu.