Noho ka lāʻau ʻāpela i kumulāʻau huaʻai i makemake nui ʻia, nā ʻano hou a me nā hybrids e hānai pinepine ʻia e ka poʻe koho. ʻO kekahi o nā mea i huki hope ʻia nei ʻāpana ʻāpala Kandil Orlovsky.
Hōʻike o nā ʻano
Mahalo i ka hana maʻalahi a nā mea hānai o ka Research Institute of Russia of Fruit Crops, ua hānai ʻia kahi ʻano ʻāpala, i kapa ʻia ʻo Kandil Orlovsky. ʻO ka moeʻuhane i loaʻa i ka pollination manuahi o nā hybrid seedling o nā ʻano Wesley a me Jonathan.
ʻO nā mea kākau i hana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi ʻano hou ʻO Sedova E.N., Serov Z.M., Zhdanova V.V., Dolmatova E.A.... Ua ʻae ʻia kēia ʻano no nā hoʻokolohua mokuʻāina ma 1997, a ua kau inoa ʻia i ka State Register in 2002.
ʻO Apple-lāʻau o Kandil Orlovsky ka nui o ka nui waena, haʻahaʻa, liʻiliʻi ka lei aliʻi, pōʻai, ʻaʻole mānoanoa. Aia nā wana nui ma kahi liʻiliʻi, ʻōwili, akā haʻalele i ke koʻokoʻo kokoke i nā kihi kūpono. ʻAʻole koi ʻia ka ʻoki koʻikoʻi a me ke kalaunu ʻana.
Na ka lāʻau ʻōnaehana aʻa i hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia... Makemake kēia ʻano i ka mālamalama, nā wahi me ka loamy a me ka lepo momona wai one. Hana maikaʻi i ka hānai ʻana a me ka momona.
Ma lalo o ke kaupaona o nā ʻāpala pala, lilo i mau lālā i kaumaha a poho, hiki iā lākou ke haki. I mea e hōʻalo ai i kēia, kau i nā kākoʻo. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻohi ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana.
ʻO nā wana o kēia lāʻau ʻāpala he mānoanoa waena, i hoʻopuni ʻia i ka ʻāpana keʻa, cranked. ʻO ka ʻili ma ke kumu, nā lālā nui a me nā wana, he brownish a maʻalahi.
Liʻiliʻi ka lau, i ke ʻano o ka oval ākea, kuhi ka piko a wili ʻia i kahi wili, ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo, hinuhinu. Hoʻohanohano ʻia lākou e kahi wili wili, mimili me kahi kaona liʻiliʻi a wavy.
Pā lau o ka mānoanoa mānoanoa a me ka lōʻihi. Loaʻa iā lākou nā stipule-kuʻi liʻiliʻi ma ke kumu o ka lau. Aia kekahi mau lihi i ka pana, ua liʻiliʻi lākou.
Liʻiliʻi kēia ʻano, pili ikaika i nā wana, nā ʻōpuʻu pubescent i ke ʻano o ka cone. ʻO nā inflorescences pālahalaha keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo o ka nui waena, poepoe, me nā pedicels lōʻihi.
Hoʻomaka ʻo Kandil Orlovsky e ʻohi a lawa, i kēia manawa 3-5 mau makahiki ma hope o ke kanu ʻana i ka lāʻau. ʻOkoʻa i ka hana kiʻekiʻe. Hiki i nā kumulāʻau ʻōpio ke hana i ka awelika o 160 kg o nā ʻoma i kēlā me kēia lāʻau.
Hāʻawi pinepine kēia ʻano ʻāpala i ka hua, kokoke i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Akā, i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, hāʻule ka hua a palaha ka palatability o nā hua.
Hōʻiliʻili ʻia nā hua pala i Kepakemapa, moe maikaʻi lākou a hiki i ka puna, a lawe maʻalahi ʻia.
ʻO nā hua o kēia ʻano ʻono he momona, pulp ʻōmaʻomaʻo māmā me kahi ʻono momona a ʻono hoʻi a me kahi ʻala maikaʻi. Nui nā huaʻai i ka wikamina C, liʻiliʻi, kaupaona ma kahi o 150 gram.
He helehelena maikaʻi ko lākou i ke ʻano o ka cone elongated, melemele-ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ke kala me ka ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻōlinolino.
ʻO Kandil Orlovsky ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻoilo, ke kūpaʻa i nā maʻi fungal he nui, scab. ʻOiai he ʻano momona ponoʻī, pono nō naʻe i ka pollen mai nā ʻano ʻēpē ʻē aʻe no ka hoʻonohonoho hua ʻana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a hoʻonui i nā hua.
Ma muli o ke kūpaʻa o ke aniau, hiki ke mahi i ka ʻaneʻane i kēlā me kēia wahi.
Nā mea maikaʻi a me nā maikaʻi ʻole o ka lāʻau apple
ʻO nā mea nui o ka lāʻau ʻāpala o kēia ʻano ka pale ʻana i ka scab o nā lau a me nā hua, nā ʻano kālepa kiʻekiʻe a me nā ʻono, nā helehelena nani o nā hua, kiʻekiʻe ka hua, ke oʻo mua.
Kūpaʻa i nā anuanu anuanu, ʻae i nā mahana a hiki i -35 kekelē, loaʻa kahi pale kūlohelohe i nā maʻi fungal.
ʻO ia ka mea hoʻopaʻa moʻolelo no ka mālama ʻana i nā hua... Pau ia e like me ka mea hou. Kūpono maikaʻi ʻia ia no nā ʻano hua o ka hana hua ʻana.
ʻAʻole ʻae kēia ʻano i ka malu ʻana, pono ia i ka wahi mālamalama loa.
Nā ʻaʻahu kiʻekiʻe
E like me nā mea kanu, e hoʻonui i ka hana, ka lāʻau ʻāpala Kandil Orlovsky pono e hānai, aʻa a me nā lau.
I ka makahiki mua, ʻaʻole i hoʻoulu ʻia ka mea kanu, akā hoʻokahe pinepine ʻia me ka nui, keu hoʻi i nā wā maloʻo, e hoʻokuʻu i ka lepo, ʻoiai e hemo ana i nā nāhelehele.
Eia hou i ka puna, hana ʻia ka hoʻomomona nitrogen o ka lāʻau, i ke kauwela, kāpīpī ʻia me nā mea momona wai. No ke kau e hiki mai ana, hana hou ʻia ka hānai ʻana o ka pūnāwai, a hana ʻia ka hāʻule me nā mea momona me ka phosphore a me ka potassium.
Ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lāʻau e hua i ka hua, lawe ʻia kā lākou helu i ʻehā mau manawa o ka makahiki.
Ma mua a ma hope o kou hānai ʻana i ka mea kanu, e hoʻomaopopo pono i ka hoʻohāinu nui ʻana iā ia. E noi i nā mea kanu kūpona ke ʻaʻa ʻia nā aʻa, nā mea momona mineral i ka pīpī ʻana i ka mea kanu.
Māhele o ka ulu maoli a me ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā wahi ʻē aʻe
I kinohi ua hānai ʻia ka lau nahele no ka ulu ʻana ma ka moku waena, North Caucasian a me nā ʻĀina Honua... Akā i ka hoʻoilo-paʻakikī a kūpaʻa i nā ʻano maʻi āpau, me ka fungal, hiki ke ulu ma nā wahi āpau.
ʻAʻole pili ka ʻāpana o ka ulu ʻana i ka maikaʻi o nā hua a me ka hana.
Nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ke kanu ʻana i nā mea kanu Kandil Orlovsky
ʻO ka mea mua, pono ʻoe e hoʻoholo i kahi o ke kanu ʻana i kahi mea kanu ʻōpio. Koho i kahi mālamalama maikaʻie hōʻalo i nā hua hāʻule.
Pono kahi wahi i hoʻokahe ʻia, ma nā loams, nā lepo lepo e hoʻonoe i ka wai momona. Hiki ke ulu ma ka lepo ʻeleʻele me ka acidity haʻahaʻa, a me ka lepo one, pili i ka hānai maʻamau a me ka momona.
ʻAʻole ʻae ka lāʻau ʻōpela i ka wai stagnant... I kēia hihia, hiki ke ulu maikaʻi ʻole i ka lāʻau a hiki i kona make ʻana.
No ke kanu ʻana, hoʻomākaukau i nā lua ma kahi o 80 cm ka laulā a ma kahi o 1 mika ka hohonu i mua. Pono kēia e noho ka honua. Hoʻokele i ka pae pae.
Inā ʻoe i koho i kahi e hiki ai ke kahawai, hoʻokahe iā ia. Ma ka hapa haʻahaʻa o ka lua i eli ʻia no ke kanu ʻana i kahi lāʻau ʻāpala, e ʻeli i kahi kahawai a 1.5 mika ka hohonu, e hoʻopiha iā ia me nā ʻiliʻili a i ʻole nā pōhaku haʻihaʻi
Pololei e hoʻomomona i ka lepo me kahi lole luna i hoʻomākaukau ʻia i hana ʻia i ka peat, humus a me nā mea momona mineral... Ke noho ka lepo, a ʻelua paha mau pule paha kēia, e hoʻomaka i ke kanu ʻana i kahi mea kanu ʻōpio.
Mai hoʻonui hohonu i ka lāʻau ʻāpala i ke kanu ʻana, ʻo kahi kahi e hele ai ke aʻa i loko o ka kumu lāʻau he 5 cm ma luna o ka pae o ka lepo.
E hoʻopaʻa i kahi lāʻau i ke kui, pēlā e hana ai i ke kuhikuhi pololei o kona ulu ʻana. Uhi maikaʻi i nā aʻa me ka lepo a me ka wai.
Ma hope o hoʻokahi mahina, hānai i ka lāʻau ʻāpala i kanu ʻia me nā ʻāpana aʻa e hoʻoulu i kona ulu a kōkua iā ia e hoʻopili a lawe i ke aʻa.
I mea e ulu wikiwiki ai ka pāpale aliʻi o ka lāʻau, ke kanu ʻana, pono e ʻoki i nā lālā o ka lūlū e ka hapakolu.
Ma ke kūʻai ʻana i kahi lāʻau ʻāpala-lāʻau Kandil Orlovsky i ka puna, ʻoki koke i nā lālā, akā ʻaʻole pono e hoʻopili i nā aʻa... Aia ka manawa o kona ola ʻana i ka nui o nā aʻa.
Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi lūlū me kahi aʻa aʻa nāwaliwali, e hoʻopau ʻaneʻane i nā lau āpau ma luna ona, a koe 10% wale nō o ka huina.
Mālama
Ma muli o kona kinona, ʻaʻole koi ka lāʻau o ke ʻano i koho ʻia i ke ʻoki ʻana e hana i ka lei aliʻi... ʻO nā wana ʻino a me nā maloʻo e ʻokiʻoki wale ʻia mai nā lāʻau ʻōpala makua i mea e hoʻoulu hou ai i ka mea kanu. Pono e hana i kēia i ka mua o ka puna, ma mua o ka pua ʻana o nā ʻōpuʻu.
Paipai ka poʻe loea i ka ʻoki ʻana a 80% o ke kala i ka makahiki mua ma hope o ke kanu ʻana., kōkua kēia i ka lāʻau e aʻa maikaʻi a me ka wikiwiki.
I nā makahiki e hiki mai ana, pono e hoʻokō i ke kaʻina hana no ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ka ʻohi: e ʻokiʻoki i nā "lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo" keu, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka liʻiliʻi, i hoʻonohonoho ʻia, i kekahi mau kenimika i nā hua anawaena.
Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e hana i kēia hana, e hoʻolei ka lāʻau iā ia iho i ka mea i koe, akā ʻo nā hua i koe ma hope o ka oʻo ʻana e liʻiliʻi a emi iki ka momona.
Ma ka hana maʻamau ʻana i nā mea kanu i kēia ala, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻāʻo hoʻolei i ka lāʻau hua i hoʻokahi makahiki - i hoʻokahi makahiki.
Nā maʻi a me nā mea ʻino o nā ʻoma
Kaulana ka lāʻau ʻāpala Kandil Orlovsky no ka mea kūpaʻa loa ia i ka scab, loaʻa ka pale o nā maʻi fungal, a no laila e hoʻopakele i nā māla mai ka nui o nā pilikia.
Me nā hoʻokoe kākaʻikahi hiki ke hoʻouka ʻia e nā aphids, ka nalo pua ʻōpala a me ka sawfly.
E hakakā i nā pests, puhi i nā lālā maloʻo, nā lau, mālama i ka lāʻau me nā insecticides.
Koho i kēia ʻano unpretentious loa no ka māla, kahi e koi ʻole ai i ka mālama koʻikoʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā hopena kiʻekiʻe me ka hoʻāʻo iki, i loaʻa i kahi hua kiʻekiʻe o nā hua me ka ʻono maikaʻi loa a me ka hōʻike.