ʻO ka kūleʻa o ka hua kukama e pili pono ana i ke koho ʻana o nā hua. Hoʻohilahila ka hui ākea ma nā papa i nā manaʻo ma mua o ka ʻae ʻana iā ʻoe e hoʻoholo kūpono. Kūkā ʻia nā māla Novice e hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua iā lākou iho me nā ʻano, ko lākou inoa, ka mahi ʻana a me nā hiʻohiʻona mālama.
Kaukaʻi ʻia i nā kūlana o ke anilā, hiki ke kanu i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa ma Ukraine, Belarus, Chernozem, Bashkiria a me ka laina waena - hiki iā lākou ke parthenocarpic, ke kakahiaka ʻana, me ka wā pala loa, a i ʻole nā kukama ʻono no ka ulu ʻana i ka hale kōmaʻomaʻo. Kūkulu ʻia ka ʻike hou aku i ka ʻatikala ma ke ʻano o kahi ʻano helu helu.
Nā ʻanoʻano o nā kukama
Hāʻawi kahi helu nui o nā ʻano iā ʻoe e koho i nā koho maikaʻi loa i loaʻa maʻi a me ke aniau kūʻē o ka ʻāina kahi e hoʻolālā ʻia ai ka mea kanu ʻōmaʻomaʻo e ulu.
ʻO kahi kuhi hewa maʻamau ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana o kekahi mau ʻano 2-3, ua hana ʻia ka mahi ʻana no kekahi mau makahiki.
Ua hoʻomohala nā mea hānai a me nā haole he nui i nā hybrids ʻaʻole i emi iki ka ʻenehana mahiʻai a me ka ʻono maikaʻi loa ma mua o nā kukama aloha.
Ma waena o nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo kiʻekiʻe no ka ulu ʻana i nā mea kanu, kuhikuhi ka poʻe loea ka pono e kanu i kekahi mau ʻano i ka manawa hoʻokahi... ʻO kēia ka mea e hiki ai ke loiloi i ka loaʻa o nā ʻano mea like ʻole ma lalo o ke ʻano o ka oʻo ʻana, e loaʻa ma kahi o kekahi mau hua i ka wā ua.
E hōʻiliʻili i ka ʻike kūpono a me ka pono e pili ana i ka ʻano varietal, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma lalo nā ʻano o nā ʻano o nā zelents.
ʻO nā ʻano i makemake nui ʻia me nā inoa
No ka maʻalahi o ka ʻike a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka huaʻōlelo i ka hana, mahele ʻia nā mea kanu i nā hui ʻokoʻa, i hoʻohui ʻia e kahi hiʻohiʻona maʻamau.
ʻO ka pollination ponoʻī loa no ka honua ākea
ʻO nā kukama polina ponoʻī he nui nā keu, i waena o kahi e ʻike ʻia ai ka palekana a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka nui o ka wai.
- Kapuāulu - 40 mau lā wale nō ke oʻo ʻana. I ka lōʻihi, hiki i ka mea kanu ʻōmaʻomaʻo i 9 knm. Hāʻawi kahi kōkō i 3.5 kg. Ke kūpaʻa nei ka pale ikaika o nā mea kanu i nā maʻi like ʻole (kahi ʻoliva, mosaic, pauka paila).
- Kaʻaʻa - Hoʻomaka ke ʻohi ʻana o nā ʻano Kurazh 40-47 mau lā ma hope o ka haki ʻana o nā pua mai ka lepo. ʻO ke kaupaona o kekahi kukama i 170-180 gr., A i 10 zelents i hoʻokumu ʻia ma hoʻokahi pana. ʻAʻole ʻeha ka mea kanu i ka pala, ka pauda momona.
- Connie - hoʻomaka ke ʻohi ʻana i nā hua he 50 mau lā ma hope o ka lūlū ʻana. Kūleʻa ka moʻomeheu i ke ʻano o ka mahi ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā kukama. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo 10 cm, ʻo ka hua mai 1 m2 ma kahi o 9 kg.
- Berendey - nā hua (12-15 knm) oʻo i nā lā 42 ma hope o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o nā ʻōpuʻu. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻohi a hiki i 3.5 kg mai hoʻokahi ulu lāʻau. He kūlana maikaʻi loa kā Zelentsy a loaʻa kahi ola lōʻihi.
- Gerda - ʻike ʻia nā hua 10cm lōʻihi 1.5 mau mahina ma hope o ka lūlū ʻana. Lawe ʻia ka 2.8-3 kg mai ka ululāʻau. ʻAʻohe laha pinepine ʻia ka mea kanu e nā maʻi; ʻoi aku ia i nā maʻi kūleʻa.
ʻO nā kukama pala mua
ʻO kahi ʻano o ke ʻano o ka ʻohi ʻana i ka hua mua e maʻa ai kēlā me kēia māla.
ʻO nā ovaries o nā pua kāne ka mea mua e hana, pono lākou e hemo, ʻoiai lākou e hoʻopilikia nei i ka ulu ʻana o ka mea kanu.
- Apelila - mai ka manawa o ke kanu ʻana, oʻo nā hua o ʻApelila i ka lā 50th, a hiki i ka lōʻihi o 20-22 cm. Hoʻoponopono ka mea kanu ponoʻī i ka ulu o nā wana, no laila ua hoʻopau ʻia ka pono no ke ʻoki. ʻO ka hana mai 1 m2 ma ka awelika 22 kg. ʻAʻole e ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kukama inā haʻalele lākou i ka lā hālāwai. Kūpono ka moʻomeheu i nā maʻi āpau, me ka ʻokoʻa o ka pala pala.
- Hermann - kupu i 39-41 mau lā ma hope o ka ulu ʻana. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ko Herman mau ʻōmaʻomaʻo i 10 cm, 23-26 kg e ʻohi ʻia mai 1 m2. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka hybrid e kahi wā hua hua lōʻihi, pollination ponoʻī a me ka pale ʻana i nā fungi.
- ʻO Orlik - hoʻomaka e hua i ka lā 47-50 ma hope o ka lūlū ʻana. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo i 14-16 cm, me ke anawaena o 3.5-4 cm. 6-8 kg e hoʻoneʻe ʻia mai ka nāhelehele. He ʻōnaehana pale ikaika ka moʻomeheu, kūpaʻa i ka pauka pauda, popopo kumu, kahi ʻoliva a me TMV.
- Valdai - hoʻomaka ka ulu lāʻau e hua i ka lā 45 ma hope o ka puka ʻana o nā pua. Hoʻokumu nui ʻia nā pua e nā wahine, no laila koi ʻia ka pollination e nā pi. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka lau nahele e pili ana iā 10-11 cm, a i 4.5 kg o ka hua i lawe ʻia mai ka nāhelehele. Hoʻomohala ʻia ka hybrid no ka mālama ʻana, akā ma muli o kona ʻono lahilahi hoʻohana ʻia ia no ka saladi.
Kau-kau
Nā ʻano pala a waena hoʻomaka e hua i ka lā 45-55 ma hope o ka lūlū ʻana i nā hua i ka lepo. ʻOkoʻa nā mea kanu āpau o kēia hui i ke ʻano o ka mahi ʻana (hoʻomehana honua, lepo), kumu (hou a i ʻole no ka paʻakai ʻana) a me ke ʻano o ka pollination.
- Hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū - ʻano me he mea kanu aloha i ke ola a pale aku i nā maʻi. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo i 9-12 knm me ka awelika o 100 gram. E hōʻiliʻili i 3.8 kg o ka hua mai kēlā me kēia m2. He maikaʻi ka palekana o ka ʻano a kūpaʻa i ka pauka pauda.
- Nezhinsky - kahi ʻano i pollination ʻia e nā pi, ʻike ʻia e kahi koʻokoʻo ikaika, nā hua liʻiliʻi (lōʻihi 10-12 cm, ke kaupaona 90 g) a me nā hua kiʻekiʻe (8 kg no 1 m2). ʻAe ʻo Nezhinsky i nā mahana haʻahaʻa a kūpaʻa i nā maʻi he nui. Loaʻa i nā kukama kahi ʻono kiʻekiʻe.
- ʻO Libella - kahi laulima maʻalahi me kahi wā hua hua lōʻihi. Me ka mālama kūpono, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻohi a hiki i nā lā anuanu loa. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka lau nahele Libelle i 14 cm, ke kaumaha - 140 gram. Mai kahi mika mika, a i 10-12 kg e hemo. Ke paʻakai ʻia, maloʻo a paʻa paʻa hoʻi ka pulup. I ka ʻenehana ʻenehana, ʻaʻohe nui nā hihia o ka hōʻino ʻana i nā mea kanu e nā maʻi maʻamau.
- Pākaukau - he ʻono maikaʻi loa me ka ʻawahia, kūpono no ka paʻakai ʻana. Hoʻokumu lōʻihi ʻia ka laʻalāʻau me kahi ʻōwili ikaika, ʻo ka lōʻihi o nā hua i 12 cm a kaupaona 80-90 gram. ʻO ka hana mai 1 m2 ma kahi o 8 kg.
Oʻo palaoa
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona o nā kukama lohi i ka hopena o nā hua e ulu wale i ka makahiki 3 wale nō.
No laila, nā mea i kūʻai ʻia ma mua o ke kanu ʻana hōʻoia no germination... Eia kekahi, ke koho ʻana i nā ʻano o kēia hui, pono ʻoe e noʻonoʻo i ke aniau o ka ʻāina a me ka wā oʻo o nā zelents i mea e loaʻa ai ka manawa e hōʻiliʻili i ka hapa nui o ka ʻohi ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke anuanu anuanu.
- Phoenix - hoʻomaka ka wā ʻohi 64 mau lā ma hope o ka ulu ʻana o ka hua. Hiki i nā kukama i ka lōʻihi o 16 knm, me ka awelika kaumaha o 230 g. Hoʻokumu ʻo bushes Phoenix i kahi huipa lālā e kū pono ana i nā wili o ke anilā maikaʻi.
- Lanakila - ʻokoʻa i ka laha laha ʻana e hoʻolōʻihi i ka maloʻo a me ke anuanu. Kūpaʻa ka mea kanu i nā ʻano ʻano hulu like ʻole. ʻO ka lōʻihi o nā hua i 14cm me ke kaulike awelika o 110 gram. ʻO ka hua mai 1 m2 he 7-8 kg.
- Poe lā - ke ʻano ke kau waena, akā kanu ka hapa nui o nā māla i ka hopena. Hoʻopuka ka nahele i nā lālā he nui, e hana ana i kahi huipa nui, e hōʻike ana i ke kanu ʻana ma luna o kahi ākea. Uhi ʻia ka peel o ka lau nahele me kekahi mau tubercles a me nā kaha ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Hiki i ka lōʻihi o kahi kukumba i 12 knm me ke kaulike awelika o 140 gram.
- ʻO Brownie - hoʻomaka ka wā ʻohi 65 mau lā ma hope o ka germination. Liʻiliʻi ka lōʻihi o nā kukama (9 cm), akā kiʻekiʻe ke ʻono. Loaʻa ka palekana o ka moʻomeheu, e hōʻike ana i ke kūʻē ʻana i nā ʻano maʻi āpau. ʻOihana - 6-8 kg no 1 m2.
- Pākē - kahi ʻano kūpaʻa maʻi me ke ʻono akahai a me ka ʻole o ka awahia. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona o nā hua o ka kukama Kina i manaʻo ʻia he ola papa pōkole ma hope o ka ʻohi ʻana. ʻO nā kukama elongated kumu (30-35 cm) e like me nā nahesa. Hoʻolālā ka mea kanu i nā mahana haʻahaʻa a me nā kukui maikaʻi ʻole.
ʻO nā mea kiʻekiʻe e hāʻawi ana i nā greenhouse
Me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻole, ʻume ʻia nā māla āpau e nā ʻano hua kiʻekiʻe. I kou hale kōmahana, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻāʻo e ulu i nā mea i makemake nui ʻia.
- Pipi wahine Parisian - oʻo nā hua 50-60 mau lā ma hope o ka lūlū ʻana. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka ʻano gherkin Parisian hiki i 12 cm me ka awelika o 85 gram. Hoʻokumu ʻia kahi helu nui o nā ovaries ma ka lash, kahi e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ai i kahi hua kiʻekiʻe - ma luna o 30 kg no 1 m2. Hāʻawi ka germination germ low i ke kanu ʻana i nā moena ma o nā lūlū.
- ʻO Fontanelle - he kukama kaulana i waena o nā māla i ko mākou ʻāina. Ua ulu ia i aneane i kēlā me kēia wahi. Hiki i nā ana o nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo Spring i 22-24 cm me ka awelika o 150 gram. Lawe ʻia ma mua o 10 kg mai ka nahele. E pili ana i ka ʻono a me nā lula o ka ʻenehana mahiʻai, noho ka ʻokoʻa i ka hoʻokūkū ma mua o nā hanana Europa maikaʻi loa o nā mea hānai.
- ʻO Zozulya - hoʻomaka ka wā ʻohi ma ka lā 45 ma hope o ka ulu ʻana. Lawe ʻia ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka lash i mea e pono ʻole ai ka nāhelehele i ka ʻoki ʻana. Ua hōʻea ʻo Zelentsy i 24 cm ka lōʻihi me ke kaupaona awelika o 280-300 gram. Mai kahi mika mika, hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻiliʻili i 30 kg o ka kukama Zozul. ʻAʻole maʻi ka mea kanu me ka ʻoliva a me ka mosaic kukama.
No ke kanu ʻana i ke kula ākea
- Suzanne - kahi hua kanu hiki ke ulu ʻaʻole wale ma ka māla ākea, akā i ka hale kōmahana a ma ka pāpale paha. Hiki i ka lōʻihi o ka lash i 3-4 m, e hana ana i kahi nui o nā ovaries. ʻO ka ʻohi ʻana i nā hua he 3-4 kenimika a kali paha a nui aʻe lākou, ʻaʻole pili kēia i ka ʻono. He maʻi maikaʻi ko Suzanne a me ke kūpaʻa pest.
- Sparta - ua hamo ʻia ka hybrid me ka hua paʻa. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo 6-12 cm, ʻoluʻolu ka ʻono me ka ʻole o ka ʻawaʻawa. He ikaika ka palekana o ka moʻomeheu, keu aku i ka pauka pauka a me ka fungi. ʻO ka hua ma ka nahelehele he 2.8-3.1 kg.
- Piko - hoʻomaka ka manawa hua i 55 mau lā ma hope o ka puka ʻana o nā wana. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo 9-11 cm me ka awelika o 100-110 gram. Lawe ʻia ma mua o 4 kg mai kahi ulu lāʻau. He ʻono lahilahi kā ka pickle me kahi memo momona, me ka ʻawaʻawa ʻole.
- ʻO Buratino He hybrid pollination ponoʻī e hoʻomaka i oʻo i 48 mau lā ma hope o ka germination. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka lau nahele e pili ana iā 8-9 cm me ke kaupaona o 85 gram. ʻO ka hua ma kēlā me kēia laʻalāʻau he 3.4 kg.
- Kūpaʻa - ma ka helu o ke oʻo ʻana, manaʻo ʻia ka kukama he sprinter, he 38 mau lā wale nō ma hope o ka puka ʻana o nā kupu. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka lau nahele e pili ana iā 9 cm me ke kaumaha o 80 g. Ke hele nei ka wā hua, a haku ʻia nā ovaries a pau. ʻAʻohe hopena maikaʻi ʻole o ke anilā maikaʻi ʻole i ka wā ulu.
No ka ulu ʻana ma Siberia
ʻO ka ulu ʻana i nā kukama i kahi aniau kūpilikiʻi he mau ʻano ponoʻī kona. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kanu ʻana i nā kukama ma Siberia i loko o nā greenhouse polycarbonate a i ʻole koho i nā ʻano hua ulu mua.
Ke koho ʻana i nā ʻanoʻano, pono e hāʻawi ʻia ka makemake i nā ʻano me ke kūpaʻa koʻikoʻi.
- Altaic - he wā pōkole e oʻo ai, hoʻomaka ka ʻohi 36-40 mau lā ma hope o ka germination. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo 9-12 cm me ke kaona o 100 g. Kūpale anuanu ka mea kanu, ʻoluʻolu maʻalahi i nā wana o ke aniau. Ma hope o kaʻohi ʻana, hoʻomau nā hua i kā lākou hōʻike a hoʻāʻo no ka manawa lōʻihi.
- Serpentine - kukoma ʻano gherkin, pala i nā lā he 39-42 ma hope o ka germination. Ikaika ka wā hua, aia i nā lā he 10 i hala ka hapa nui o ka ʻohiʻohi - ma luna o 1.7 kg no 1 m2. ʻIke ʻia ʻo Serpentine no kāna ʻono, i nele i ka ʻawaʻawa.
- Bush - kahi mea kanu kuʻikuʻi e pono ai ka pollination. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo i 8 cm me ke kaupaona o 90 gram. Kūleʻa ka hana me ka mālama pono (3 kg i kēlā me kēia ulu). ʻO ka peculiarity o nā ʻano like ʻole kona ahonui a me ka ikaika o ka pale ʻana. Mau nā kūmole.
Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia ʻano kukama kahi pae o nā pono keu. ʻO ka mea nui i ke koho ʻana e noʻonoʻo i nā hiʻohiʻona aniani o ka ʻāina a me ka leka iā lākou o nā ʻano o nā ʻano āu e makemake ai. A laila e hana pololei ʻia ke kahua nui o ke kau ʻana i ka ʻohi o ka wā e hiki mai ana.