ʻO ke kāpeti kekahi o nā mea mahiʻai mahiʻai maʻamau. I kēia manawa, aia kekahi mau ʻano o kēia mea kanu. Hāʻawi ʻia kēlā me kēia ʻano me nā mea pono a me nā mea pono ʻole. I kēia lā, ʻo ka lāhui kaulana loa i manaʻo ʻia he Slava cabbage. A ʻaʻole kēia he mea kupanaha, ʻoi aku ka nui o kāna mahi ʻana a me nā ʻano hua ma mua o nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe.
Ka wehewehe a me nā ʻano o ka laulā Slava
ʻO Slava kekahi o nā ʻano kahiko, wa waena o ke kāpeti keʻokeʻo. Ua loaʻa ka mea kanu i ke kenekulia i hala, ma ka All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Vegetable Breeding. ʻO EM Popov ka mea kākau, ka mea, i ka wā e hele ana i kahi laʻana haole, hānai i ʻelua mau lālā o ka Slava ʻano: Gribovsky 231 a me 1305. I ka makahiki 1940, ua hoʻokau ʻia kēia mau ʻano i nā wahi āpau o Lūkia, kahi, ma muli o ko lākou ʻano maikaʻi, ua loaʻa iā lākou kahi kaulana nui.
ʻO nā ʻano laulā o kēia ʻano ka nuʻa, ka juiciness a me ka hua. ʻO nā poʻo o ke kāpena he nani, poepoe a pālahalaha liʻiliʻi paha. He ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo nā lau o waho, me ka pua ʻana o ka waxy, e wili ana ma ka lihi. ʻO ka hanana o loko o nā ʻōkana o nā lau keʻokeʻo crisp. Hoʻohana kūpono kēlā me kēia subspecies i nā mea hou a me nā hana. Hoʻokaʻawale wale lākou i nā kuhikuhi aʻe:
- Gribovsky 231. Hāʻule ka manawa o ka oʻo ʻana o kēia subspecies ma 100 - 110 mau lā, ma hope o ka germination. ʻO ke kaulike kaulike o ke ʻōkeke ma kahi o 3 kg. ʻO ka hana mai 1 sq. piʻi ka m i 9 - 10 kg.
- Hanohano 1305. ʻO nā forks o kēia ʻano ʻelua mau pule ma hope o kā lākou mau mea lawelawe. Eia naʻe, ʻo ko lākou kaumaha ma kahi o 9 kg. ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe a piʻi i 12 kg. mai ka 1 sq. Akā ma aneʻi pono e hoʻomaopopo ia ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā aniani Glory 1305 a mālama ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.
Kaulana pū ka kāpena o kēia ʻano no kona ʻono a me nā pono kūpono. Loaʻa i kāna mau hua i kahi nui o nā wikamina a me nā minelala.
ʻO ka mālama ʻana i nā poʻo o ke kāpena ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ma mua o 4 mau mahina. No laila, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka hapa nui o nā mea kanu no ka fermentation.
Nā pōmaikaʻi a me nā maikaʻi ʻole o ka ʻano
I ka mua, ua hoʻāʻo nā mea hānai e hoʻomohala i kahi mea kanu no nā wahi o Rūsia kahi e nui ai ka lepo non-chernozem. Akā mahalo i nā ʻano makana, hoʻoulu ʻia ka mea kanu i nā wahi āpau o ka Russian Federation. Eia kahi wehewehe o nā pono nui o nā ʻano.
- ke kūpale hau;
- nā ʻano mea kūʻai aku;
- unpretentiousness i ka lepo;
- ke kūpaʻa i ka haʻihaʻi;
- halihali halihali maikaʻi.
ʻOiai ka nui o nā ʻano maikaʻi, loaʻa mau nā drawbacks o ka mea kanu. ʻO nā ʻano maikaʻi ʻole e komo pū me: ka hiki ʻole ke aʻa keel a ʻaʻole lōʻihi ke ola o nā hua.
Kanu kanu
Hiki iā ʻoe ke ulu i ke kāpena Slava i kahi ʻano lūlū a me nā ʻano ʻano ʻole. I ka hihia mua, lūlū ʻia nā ʻanoʻano o nā mea kanu i nā pahu i ka mua o ʻApelila. No ka hoʻokō ʻana i ke ʻano seedless, kanu ʻia nā ʻanoʻano ma ka honua ākea i ke kolu o nā makahiki o ʻApelila.
No ka ʻano o ke ʻano hea e koho ʻia ai, paipai ʻia e hoʻomākaukau i nā hua ma mua o ke kanu ʻana. Lawe ʻia ia e like me ka papahana aʻe:
- No 10 - 15 mau minuke, waiho ʻia nā ʻanoʻano o ka mea kanu i loko o ka wai i kahi mahana o 55 - 60 ° C.
- A laila, ʻūlū ʻia lākou i ke anuanu no 1 mau minuke.
- A laila hoʻopiha ʻia nā ʻanoʻano me kahi hopena i hoʻomākaukau ʻia mai 10 liters o ka wai a me 12 gram no 12 mau hola. pāpū humate.
- Ma hope o kēia manawa, pono lākou e hoʻomaloʻo a waiho i kahi anuanu ma kahi mahana o 1 - 2 ° C.
I kekahi lā ma hope, mākaukau lākou no ka pae ʻana.
Lula lūlū
Ma ke ʻano he kumu, kanu pinepine ʻia ke kāpena Slava i nā mea kanu. No kēia kumu, ninini ʻia ka honua i loko o nā pahu i hoʻomākaukau ʻia, 5 - 6 cm ka hohonu. I tamped ia pono, ia mea disinfected me ka manganese pāʻoihana. Ma hope o 3 mau lā, hana ʻia nā ʻūlū i nā pahu ma kahi mamao o 3 cm, 1 knm hohonu. Eia hou, i nā ʻanuʻu 1 cm, lūlū ʻia nā ʻanoʻano, pono e kāpīpī ʻia me ka honua a hoʻoinu ʻia me kahi drip. A laila, ma mua o ka puka ʻana o nā hua mua, kau ʻia nā pahu i kahi mehana, me kahi hoʻomehana wela o 18 - 20 ° C. Ke ʻike ʻia nā wana mua, lawe ʻia ka ipu i ka windowsill, kahi e hoʻomālamalama pono ʻia e nā kukuna o ka lā a loaʻa ka ea o 10 - 12 ° C.
Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike i ke ʻano o ke anuanu, e kīloi koke ka ʻōpala, a laila e alakaʻi ʻia ai i ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi a me ka make ʻana o ka mea kanu.
Ma hope o nā mea kanu he 5 mau lau ikaika, hoʻoili ʻia lākou i ka honua ākea.
Nā koi lepo no ke kanu ʻana
Hiki i ke kāpena Slava ke ulu ma nā ʻano ʻano lepo āpau. Akā, e like me nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a ka poʻe loea, hiki ke hōʻike i nā hōʻailona hua maikaʻi loa ma nā lepo loamy momona, me kahi kokoke o ka wai kai. ʻO ke koho kūpono ʻoi aku ka nui o ka acidity o ka honua - 6.7 - 7.4.
He mea pono e kanu kāpī i kēlā mau wahi a lākou i ulu ai ma mua.
- kukama;
- kāloti;
- legume;
- uala;
- palaʻai.
ʻO nā mea mua maikaʻi ʻole:
- ʻōmato;
- beet;
- ʻākala.
ʻAʻole ia e koi ʻia e kanu i ke kāpena ma ka pūnaewele like i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻO ka wā ma waena o nā kanu ʻana he 3-4 mau makahiki.
Mālama ʻano ʻokoʻa ma hope o ke kanu ʻana
Nui nā mea kanu mea ʻai novice, ke kanu nei i ke kāpena, hana hewa hewa ʻole, a ʻo ka hopena, alakaʻi i ke kī ʻana o kahi pua pua. I mea e hōʻalo ai i kēia, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻae:
- kanu mānoanoa o nā mea kanu;
- malu o ka paena pae;
- ona wai nui.
I mea e ulu pono ai kahi mea kanu mea kanu ma ka honua ākea, pono e hoʻokō i ka hana agrotechnical i ka manawa kūpono. Loaʻa i ka mālama:
- Hoʻohinu. ʻO ka kāpena kahi moʻomeheu aloha i ka makū, no laila pono e hoʻokahe ʻia ma ka liʻiliʻi he 7 - 8 mau manawa i ka mahina.
- Loosening. I mea e loaʻa ai ka mea kanu i ka nui o ka oxygen, ma hope o kēlā me kēia wai e hoʻoinu, pono ia e palu i ka lepo.
- Hilling E paipai kēia kaʻina hana i ka hoʻokumu ʻia o nā aʻa aʻa, ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea momona i ka mea kanu.
- Nā ʻaʻahu kiʻekiʻe. No ka loaʻa ʻana o nā microelement hou aʻe, koi ʻia ka hoʻomomona nitrogen i 2 mau pule ma hope o ke kanu ʻana. I ka wā o ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā forks - nā phosphorus a me nā minelala potassium.
Akā, me ka mālama ʻia o nā hana agrotechnical āpau, hiki i nā maʻi like ʻole ke alakaʻi i ka hōʻemi o ka hua a i ʻole ka pau ʻole.
Nā maʻi a me kā lākou pale ʻana
I mea e hōʻemi ai i ka make o ka mea kanu, pono ʻoe e pale i ka maʻi i ka manawa kūpono. E kōkua ka papa aʻe iā ʻoe e ʻike pono i ka maʻi i nā pae mua a ʻike i nā ana e hakakā ai.
Ka inoa o ka maʻi | Nā ʻōuli | Nā hana pale a me nā kaohi |
Kālika kāpī | Hoʻokumu ʻia nā ʻano ulu like ʻole ma ke aʻa o ka mea kanu. | Ma mua o ka hemo ʻana, mālama ʻia ka pae pae ʻāina me ka lime, i ka lakio o 1 kg. e 4 sq.m. |
Peronosporosis | ʻIke ʻia nā kiko o ka melemele a me ka hina ma nā ʻaoʻao luna o nā lau, a mohala keokeo ma ka ʻaoʻao lalo. | No ka pale ʻana, disinfected ka lepo. I ka hihia o ka maʻi e hoʻohana i ka lāʻau "Fitoftorin". |
ʻO Fusarium | E melemele nā lau o ka mea kanu a maloʻo loa. | Lawe ʻia nā mea kanu i hoʻopili ʻia e ke aʻa, a mālama ʻia ke kahua kanu me nā fungicides ʻōnaehana benzimidazole. |
ʻO nā mea ʻino nā pepelu ka manawa pinepine o nā maʻi o ka maʻi. No laila, ke puka mua, mālama ʻia ka mea kanu me nā kemika.
Na kanawai ohi a me na rula
Hoʻoikaika ka ulu ʻana o ka hua. Hoʻomaka ka ʻohi cabbage i ka hopena o Iulai a mau no 2 mau pule.
Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻōpalaʻino a wāwahi hoʻi no ka fermentation, waiho ʻia nā hua holoʻokoʻa no ka mālama ʻana.
Mālama ʻia ka moʻomeheu mea kanu i loko o ke keʻena i kēia mau ʻano:
- ke kau nei mai ke kaupaku;
- ke waiho nei i kahi papa kaha ma nā papa maloʻo maʻemaʻe;
- ke waiho nei i nā pahu lattice.
Nānā ʻole i ke ʻano i koho ʻia, ma mua o ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā poʻo o ke kāpeti i ke keʻena, pono e hoʻomaloʻo pono a wahī ʻia i ka pepa maʻemaʻe.
ʻAʻole ia e koi ʻia e wahī i ka mea kanu me ka meaʻai a i ʻole ka wahī wahī, no ka mea ma kēia hihia e kū mai ka condensation, kahi e kōkua ai i kona pala.
Ma ka awelika, mālama ʻia nā hua ma kahi o 3-4 mau mahina. I mea e hoʻonui ai i ke ola papa, pono e mālama kokoke i ka 0 ° C ka mahana, a he 90% ka liʻiliʻi o ka ea.
I ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i nā ʻano maikaʻi āpau, ke kanu ʻana i nā ʻano a me nā hiʻohiʻona mahi ʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike kūʻokoʻa ʻaʻole ʻo Slava cabbage kahi mea kanu whimsical. Kumuhana i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo āpau, hiki i kēia huaʻai mea kanu ke ʻoluʻolu i nā mea kanu mea kanu a pau me kahi ʻohiʻohi momona, ʻono a maikaʻi hoʻi.