ʻO ka ulu ʻana i ka uala ma Hōlani kahi hana e noʻonoʻo ai i kēlā me kēia mea liʻiliʻi. Ke kanu ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia ʻenehana, a o ka 250-300 kg o nā tubers e ʻohi ʻia mai hoʻokahi haneri mau mika kūlike.
Hāʻawi kahi ʻenehana Dutch i kaʻuala:
- lawa ka mehana;
- Hāʻawi ka oxygen i nā aʻa;
- mea hoʻomomona.
Ke ulu nei i kaʻuala e hoʻohana ana i ka ʻenehana Hōlani
Ehia mau ʻenehana no ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka ʻuala ma laila
Ma waho o ka mahi kuʻuna a me ka Dutch, aia kekahi mau hana hou: Kina; ʻenehana i hoʻomohala ʻia e Jacob Meatlider, Ph.D. i ka mahiʻai, USA; ʻano hana o Galina Aleksandrovna Kizima, ka mea i lilo i kona wā kamaliʻi i kahi kauhale hana ma South Urals.
He aha nā ʻano kūpono
Paipai nā loea i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ʻano ʻuala i kēlā me kēia makahiki 4, no ka mea hiki ke maʻi.
Kūpono ʻole nā ʻano mai Holland mai i ka maʻi, he hoʻohua kiʻekiʻe lākou, ʻaʻole naʻe ʻaʻole kūpono no ke kanu ʻana ma ka ʻākau o Lūkia... ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kanu ʻana i nā ʻano zoned home i hoʻopili ʻia no nā kūlana home ma laila.
Koi ʻia i ke kanu ʻana i ka ʻuala i ka wanaʻao a me ka hopena o ka ʻāina.
Uala kūpono kūpono:
- Anosta - kakahiaka. He melemele nā paipu, even. Paʻa ka pulp. Kūlohelohe kaʻuala i nā nematodes.
- ʻUlaʻula ʻulaʻula - kakahiaka. He ʻulaʻula nā paipu, he keʻokeʻo kaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole e loli ke kala ke kuke.
- Impala - papa mua. Kūkulu ʻia ia ma nā wahi waena o Rūsia a ma ka moku Siberian Federal. Lawe ʻia nā lā 50 mai ka germination a i ka ʻohi ʻana.
- ʻO Jarl - kakahiaka. Unpretentious i ka mālama, kanu ʻia lākou a i nā ʻāina pau ʻole.
- Mamua - kakahiaka. Loaʻa iā ia ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi viral, nematodes, lohi loa.
- Romano - mid-kakahiaka. Pākuʻi ka ʻumeke, keʻokeʻo ka hau. Immune i ka hopena ahi.
- Monaliza - mid-kakahiaka. Pale ia i nā maʻi āpau.
- ʻO Sante - kau-kau. Melemele nā paipu, momona ka ʻiʻo. Kūpaʻa i ka hōʻino mechanical.
- ʻEba - waena lohi. Hoʻopilikia i nā maʻi viral. Yellowish nā ʻōpuʻu.
Nā ʻano kūloko:
- Nevsky - ʻano waena waena. Hoʻopilikia i nā nematodes, maʻi ʻaʻai, scab, mosaic a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe. Akā mālama ʻia kāna mau minus - tubers i kahi mahana ma kahi o 0 kekelē, a i ʻole e kupu lākou.
- ʻO Zhukovsky i ka wanaʻao... Pale ia i ka maʻi. ʻOno loa ia, akā heʻuʻuku ka starch i loko o nā kōpala, no laila ʻaʻole ia e hoʻolapalapa. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻiliʻili i 600 kg o kaʻuala mai hoʻokahi haneli mau mika kūlike.
- Laki - papa mua. Pale ia i nā maʻi āpau. He ʻōmaʻomaʻo nā kūpe, keʻokeʻo ka hau.
- Zdabytak - papa lohi. Hoʻopilikia i nā maʻi. Aia kekahi nui o nā starch i nā kūmole.
Kūpono anei kēia ala no ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka ʻuala i ka ʻāina
Hoʻonui ʻia kaʻuala ma nā māla, e hoʻohana ana i ka ʻenehana, a i nā hale kauwela, e hana ana i nā hana āpau e ka lima.
ʻIke kikoʻī
He aha ke ala Holani
- No nā tubers e ulu nei, lawe ʻia nā ʻano mai Holland mai, pale i nā maʻi, kahi e ulu ai ka nui o nā tubers. A ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻākau o Rūsia, kanu ʻia nā ʻano zoned home. Koho i makemake ʻia nā paipu olakino wale nō... Hoʻololi i nā ʻano lau āu i kanu ai.
- Koho ʻia nā mea kanu tuber me ka 3-5 cm ke anawaena, me ka 100% germination.
- Wahi a ka papahana kanu, ua kanu ʻia ʻo 1 m2 6-8 tubers... Me he mea lā i ka māla Lūkini me kēia kanu ʻana, hakahaka wale ka ʻāina, akā e like me kēia ʻenehana, ulu ulu nā lāʻau, he aʻa koʻa ko lākou, ʻohiʻohi lākou ma mua o ka hana kanu kuʻuna.
- ʻAi pū ka Dutch i kaʻuala, me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i nā pono o kēia ʻano.
- Koi ʻia e spud a hoʻohui i nā combs 10 cm ke kiʻekiʻe.
- Pono e hōʻiliʻili i ka manawa. Inā pono ʻoe i ka hua, a laila ʻeli ʻia kaʻuala i hoʻokahi mahina ma mua o ka tubers i manaʻo ʻia no ka ʻai.
Koho a me ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā pono hua
ʻOiai nā tubers olakino i koho ʻia no ke kanu ʻana. anawaena 3-5 cm, varietal maikaʻi loa.
ʻAʻole pono e koho ʻia ʻo kaʻuala i ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi i ka nui, ʻoiai e nāwaliwali loa nā ulu ulu. Kanu wale nō nā uala nui inā ko lākou hua ponoi ka ʻohi ʻana. He 5 mau maka ko kēlā me kēia tuber i wae ʻia.
I hoʻokahi mahina ma mua o ke kanu ʻana, mahi ʻia kaʻuala. Kanu ʻia kaʻuala i ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻōpuʻu ma nā maka he 0.5 cm, akā no kēia no ka kanu mīkini ʻana.
Koi ʻia e koho i ka manawa kanu kūpono i ʻole e make nā ʻōpuʻu mai nā hau hoʻi. Hoʻokomo maikaʻi ʻia nā paipū i loko o nā ʻeke polyethylene me nā lima, ke 0.5 cm ke kiʻekiʻe. No laila he maʻalahi ke lawe i kaʻuala i ka pae pae. No ke kanu lima ʻana, kakali lākou a hiki i ka ʻōpuʻu ʻana, kau ʻia i loko o nā ʻeke lula, e ulu a 2.5-3 knm.
Mahiai ʻāina ma mua o ke kanu ʻana
E emi ana ka ʻeha o ka ʻuala a emi iki aku i ka pests inā kanu ʻia i hoʻokahi wahi i kēlā me kēia 3 mau makahiki... Koi ʻia e hāʻawi i ka lepo i kahi hoʻomaha a ʻaʻole kanu iki i kekahi mea no 1 makahiki, akā ʻoki i ka mauʻu. Inā ʻaʻohe ou manawa kūpono, a laila kanu i nā tubers ma kahi i ulu ai nā pī, ka pī, ka ʻoka, ka rai mua.
Hoʻopuehu ʻia ʻo Phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen ma kahi pālahalaha i ka hāʻule ʻana a ʻeli ʻia ka lepo i kahi hohonu o 22-27 cm.
Inā loaʻa kahi pali, a laila i ka hāʻule, mai ʻeli i ka lepo a mai hoʻokomo i ka lole luna, ʻoiai i ka puna e holoi ka wai kahe i nā meaola āpau.
Mālama
- I ka punawai ʻeli lākou i ka lepo hana i nā lua 6-8 knm hohonu... ʻO ka mamao ma waena o nā lālani e mālama ʻia ma 75 knm, a ma waena o nā lua - 30 knm. Akā ʻo kahi mamao loa e loaʻa nā maikaʻi:
- ʻO ka lepo no ka hilling e ninini ʻia mai nā aisles, no kēia mea, aia nā tubers ma luna aʻe o nā aisles. Mālamalama maikaʻi nā kualono e nā kukuna o ka lā, a hāʻawi ʻia ka oxygen i ke aʻa aʻa.
- ʻO ka mahele o ka ʻāpana o ka kualapa ʻo 1200-1500 cm².
- Me nā ua nui, ʻaʻole e kū ka wai ma lalo o nā kumu, ʻoiai aia ma nā alaloa;
- I ka wela a me ka ua ʻole, lawa ka mākū ma ka pali i ʻole e make kaʻuala mai ka maloʻo a i ka ua a i ʻole ka hoʻoinu.
- Hoʻokomo mua ʻia ka manunu roth a humus paha i loko o ka lua.
- A laila hoʻohui i 100 g o ka lehu a me ka piha o nā ʻāpana hua manu i wili ʻia, a ʻo kahi wahi o ka ʻaka onion, kahi e hoʻoweliweli aku ai i ka wireworm a me nā slugs.
- ʻErspala kau ʻia i loko o nā luawai a kāpīpī i ka lepo.
- Inā ʻoe e ʻike ua ulu ka mauʻu, huki iā lākou i waho.
- Ke ulu ka ʻōpuʻu, spud iā lākou i ke kiʻekiʻe o 10 cm ke kiʻekiʻe o nā kualono.
- Inā aia ka hoʻoweliweli o ka hau, a laila kāpīpī ʻia nā ʻōpio me ka lepo, a kūlou nā wana kiʻekiʻe a pīpī ʻia me ka honua. Ke mahanahana hou ke anilā, hāpai ʻia nā nāhelehele a ninini ʻia me ka wai mai kahi kini wai.
- 14 mau lā ma hope o ke kanu ʻana, huki ʻia nā nāhelehele, a me ka lepo mai nā lālani kāpīpī ʻia me nā ʻōpuʻu i lilo i mau kualono ma kahi o 25 knm ke kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ka laulā o nā kualono ma ke kumu he 75 cm, a ma ka luna - 30 cm.
- Ke hoʻouka ʻia nā nalo meli o Colorado, kāpīpī ʻia nā nāhelehele me nā insecticides.
- Inā loaʻa kahi maloʻo, a laila hoʻoinu ʻia nā nāhelehele i 1-3 mau manawa i kēlā me kēia kau (1-2 mau manawa ma mua o ka pua ʻana o nā ʻōpuʻu, hoʻokahi manawa - ke pua nā pua).
Āhea a pehea e ʻohi ai
E ʻoki mua i nā poʻo, a laila ʻeli i ka nahele ma hope o 10 mau lā.
A laila e ikaika ka peel, a hiki i ka uala ke wahaheʻe no ka manawa hou me ka ʻole o ka hao ʻana.
ʻO ia, ke kanu nei i kaʻuala ma ke ala Hōlani ke kanu nei i nā tubers ma kahi mamao o 30 cm, ke nānā nei i kahi mamao ma waena o nā lālani o 70 cm.