Ua hāʻawi ka poʻe India i ka honua i nā mea kanu mea kanu: ke kō, nā ʻōmato a me nā uala. Aia ma waena o lākou ka ʻohana artichoke Ierusalema. I ke kenekulia 17, ua hoʻopakele kēia hua aʻa i nā poʻe noho Kanada mai ka pōloli. A he mau haneli mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua ʻike ʻia he hiki i ka pea honua e pale aku i ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ka puʻuwai a me ka hahau. Hiki ke ulu i kahi mea kanu i ka māla ākea a i nā dachas o ka moku ʻo Moscow a me ka wā waena. ʻO ka mea nui e nānā pono i ka mālama pono ʻana i nā mea kanu a hoʻomākaukau i ka lepo ma mua o ke kanu ʻana.
Ka wehewehe a me nā ʻano o Ierusalema artichoke
Ierusalema artichoke - perennial mea kanu, me kahi ʻōnaehana aʻa ikaika a me kahi koʻokoʻo pololei a 4 m kiʻekiʻe. Nui nā lau, 20-25 cm ka lōʻihi. Liʻiliʻi nā pua, a 10 cm ke anawaena, melemele a gula paha. Ma nā wana honua, ʻūhā (keʻokeʻo, ʻulaʻula, poni), ʻono e like me nā turnip, me ka ʻiʻo keʻokeʻo.
ʻO lākou momona loa a piha nā:
- fructose
- kumumea hehee wale (silikone, manganese, chromium)
- macronutrients (potassium, sulfur, phosphorus)
- protein
- nā wikamina (B, C, carotene)
- amino acids (methionine, threonine, lysine)
ʻO ka pea honua kahi hua e hāʻawi ana i ke kiʻekiʻe, maloʻo a me ka hau. Hiki i nā ʻōpala lau ke pale i nā mahana ma lalo o -12 kekelē. Hiki i nā kūmole ke hoʻopaʻa no hoʻokahi mahina i ka honua ma -10 kekele, hoʻoheheʻe a piʻi i ka puna.
Lawe ʻo Ierusalema artichoke i kahi hōʻiliʻili nui me ka nānā ʻole i ka wā. Manaʻo ʻia he hua palekana.
Ke kumu a me ka hāʻawi ʻana o ka mea kanu
ʻOiwi ʻo Jerusalem artichoke ma ʻAmelika ʻĀkau. Loaʻa iā ia kona inoa mai ka ʻohana India Topinambo. Ua ulu a ʻai lākou i nā aʻa aʻa ma mua o ka hiki ʻana o ko ʻEulopa.
Ua hele mai ka moʻomeheu mea kanu i ʻEulopa mai Kanada ma ka makahiki 17. Ua aʻa koke ka mea kanu unpretentious ma ka ʻāina nui. Hoʻohana maʻamau ʻo Ierusalema artichoke i nā kuke o ʻEnelani, Holland a me Palani. I Kelemania ua kapa inoa ʻia ʻo ia pea ʻele a me schnapps ʻuala (Hana ʻia ka vodka ma ke kumu ma aneʻi).
I Lūkia, ua ʻike ʻia ka moʻomeheu mea kanu i ka waena o ke kenekulia 17. Hoʻohana ʻia ka waina kumu paʻa e mālama ai i nā maʻi o ka puʻuwai a me nā kīʻaha koko. A laila ua manaʻo ʻia he rarity, ʻo ka poʻe waiwai wale nō i ʻai ia.
Ma hope o hoʻokahi haneli mau makahiki, hoʻolaha ka pea honua ma nā wahi āpau. Hua ka palaʻai, hoʻolapalapa a palai, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻopau maka ʻia. ʻOkoʻai ka artichoke ʻo Ierusalema i kālua ʻia e like me nā ʻuala palai.
Noi i ka lāʻau
Aia i loko ʻo Ierusalema artichoke inulin... I hoʻokahi manawa i ke kino o ke kanaka, hoʻomaʻemaʻe kēia polysaccharide i ke koko mai ka cholesterol a me nā huahana palaho.
Eia kekahi, ʻo artichoke ʻo Ierusalema:
- Mālama i nā maʻi gastrointestinal: gastritis a me pancreatitis. Hoʻopau i ka dysbiosis, hoʻomaha i ka constipation a me ka colic.
- Lawe ia i nā slags a me nā paʻakai o nā metala kaumaha mai ke kino.
- Loaʻa kahi hopena diuretic. He mea pono no nā poʻe me nā pōhaku kōkō.
- Hoʻoemi i ke kaomi... Paipai ʻia no ka hypertension.
- Hoʻoemi i nā pae kō i ke koko mahalo i ka inulin (kōkua me ka maʻi kō).
- Hoʻoikaika i ka puʻuwai a pale i ka waiho ʻana o nā paʻakai i ke kino (pono no ka osteochondrosis, arthrosis, gout).
ʻO ke koho pono o ka lepo e kanu i Ierusalema artichoke
Ke ulu nei ʻo ka honua honua ma nā lepo, koe wale no ka acidic ikaika a me ka wai... Hāʻawi ʻia nā kakaka nui no:
- lepo eleele ʻeleʻele
- loam māmā
- lepo lepo
Pane ka mea kanu i ka humus a me nā mea kanu mineral.
Kū'ē ke aʻa aʻa i nā maʻi a me nā parasites (ʻūlū potato ʻo Colorado, nematode a me ka hopena hopena) a ʻaʻole pono ka lāʻau pesticide.
Ke ulu a mālama ʻana ma ke kula ākea a i ʻole ka māla
Pono e kanu i nā tubers i ka lepo i ka hoʻomaka o Meike mehana o ka ea a i 18 kekelē... I ka hāʻule, hoʻomākaukau ka pūnaewele:
- ʻeli i ka hohonu o ke kanu ʻana o nā tubers (15 cm) i ka wā e hiki mai ana
- hemo i ka lepo
- e hoʻohui i ka manure i ka lepo
Koho ʻia nā tubers nui no ke kanu ʻana a me ka hoʻohua hou ʻana. ʻOki ʻia nā wahi ʻeha a uhi ʻia me ka nānahu. ʻO ka nui o nā tubers olakino, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻohi ʻana.
Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka lepo a pae ʻia ma mua o ke kanu ʻana, e māhele ana i nā lālani e 70 knm... Pono e kanu i nā tubers mai kahi mamao 40-50 knm ke kaʻawale... He mea nui kēia no ka mea i ke kauwela e piʻi ai nā mea kanu i kahi kiʻekiʻe o ʻelua mau mika. Nui nā lau o Ierusalema artichoke, hoʻohui pū ʻia me nā kanu kokoke. Hiki i kēia ke hana koʻikoʻi i ka mālama ʻana i nā mea kanu.
Ma mua o ka puka ʻana a ma hope o ka lepo loosen and hoe... Mai ke kanu ʻana i ka ʻohi ʻana, pono ka aʻa o ke aʻa i ka hoʻoinu nui... He mea nui ʻaʻole e hoʻopiha i ka mea kanu. Hoʻoweliweli ka nui o ka pulu i ka pala a me ke ʻano o nā slug. A ʻo ka hemahema ka lohi o ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me nā hua liʻiliʻi. ʻO Ierusalema artichoke hoʻokahi manawa i ka mahina hānai potash a me nā nitrogen fertilizers.
He mea nui e nānā i ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu. Inā ulu lohi lākou, nalo i nā lau a uhi ʻia me ka pua, a laila he hōʻailona kēia o ka maʻi a i ʻole nā mea ʻino. Lawe a puhi ʻia nā mea kanu i hoʻopili ʻia.
Ke piʻi aʻe nā mea kanu i 30 knm o lākou spud... I ka manawa hou, spud nā mea kanu i ka waena o ke kauwela. Ke hiki i nā koʻokoʻo o ka pea honua i kahi mika i ke kiʻekiʻe, nakinaki lākou i nā kākoʻo ikaika. ʻO kahi laʻana, i nā kākoʻo uea no nā kumulāʻau.
I ka ulu ʻana o nā koʻokoʻo, maʻemaʻe lākou ʻoki i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 1.5 m, wehe ʻia nā pua. Hoʻoulu kēia i ka ulu aʻa a me ka hoʻokumu tuber.
I ka wā eʻohi ai i nā tubers
E oʻo nā kōpala ma hope o 120 mau lā mai ka manawa o ka puka ʻana. I hoʻokahi mahina ma mua o ka ʻohi ʻana, kū ka hānai ʻana, a ma hope o ʻelua pule ʻokiʻoki ʻia nā koʻokoʻo i 30 cm ke kiʻekiʻe. E kōkua kēia i ka hua e hana i kahi ʻili paʻa a hoʻonui i kona ola papa.
Inā ʻoe e waiho i nā paipu i ka lepo, a laila lākou e mau a hiki i ka puna... No ka pale ʻana mai ke anuanu, kāpīpī ʻia nā moena me ka honua i kāwili ʻia me ka humus a uhi ʻia me ka mauʻu. ʻOkiʻoki ʻia nā koʻokoʻo. ʻAʻole pili ka pulu o ka mahana i nā hua o ka pea honua. E hoʻoheheʻe lākou a paʻa hou. Akā e make ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo o nā mea kanu inā waiho.
I ka puna, ua hoʻoholo ʻia nā hua i nā moena e nā ʻōpala ʻoki. Ulu wikiwiki lākou a inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e kaohi i ko lākou ulu ʻana, a laila hiki i ka pea honua e hoʻoneʻe i nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe mai nā moena.
ʻO ka manawa kūpono e ʻohi ai ʻOkakopa a Nowemapa paha. Ma hope, e kahe ana nā mea momona mai nā kūpe i nā kumu a me nā lau.
Inā hoʻolālā ʻia e ulu i nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe ma ka pūnaewele, a laila kanu ʻia ka lepo me nā mea kanu silage e hoʻomaka ai. A laila hōʻiliʻili ʻia lākou no ka ʻai ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a ʻeli ʻia ka honua a noi ʻia nā lāʻau make e luku iā Ierusalema artichoke.
Waihona ʻohi
I ka honua
ʻO kēia kahi e waiho ai nā hua ka lōʻihi loa... No ka hana ʻana i kēia, waiho ʻia i nā papa i loko o kahi lua liʻiliʻi a uhi ʻia me ka peat a me ke one ma luna. ʻO kahi e waiho ai kahi maloʻo a hoʻokiʻekiʻe. Ua ʻeli ʻia kahi auwai 30 knm a puni ka hakahaka e hoʻokahe i ka wai.
I ka hale lalo
Mālama ʻia nā paipu hōʻiliʻili i kahi wahi pouli a me ʻoluʻolu. Kūpono kahi lumi i lalo a i ʻole ke keʻena me kahi mahana mai +1 a + 4 kekelē a me ka lewa wai a i 90%... Mālama ʻia nā hua aʻa i loko o nā pahu lāʻau. Uhi ʻia lākou me ke one a uhi ʻia me ka plywood.
I loko o ke keʻena
Kūpono kahi loggia aniani a i ʻole ka pāpale no ka mālama. Inā paʻa nā aʻa, ʻaʻole lākou e lilo i kā lākou waiwai pono. Mālama ʻia lākou i loko o nā pahu a i ʻole mau ʻeke i piha i ke one no ʻelua mau mahina.
He mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo ʻaʻole hiki i Ierusalema artichoke ke kū pololei i ka lā a me ka wela.
Pahu hau
Holoi a hoʻomaloʻo ʻia nā mea kanu aʻa. No ka mālama ʻana, e hoʻohana i nā ʻeke a i ʻole nā ipu i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. Hoʻopili ʻia nā hua i ke waiho ʻana iā lākou i loko o ka wai anuanu. Mālama ʻia ʻo Ierusalema artichoke hou i ka ʻāpana mea kanu a i 3 mau pule, i loko o ka pahu hau - a i 3 mau mahina.
He kuhihewa ka manaʻo ʻana ʻoiai he peʻa unectentious ka pe earthen, ʻaʻole ia e koi ʻia e mālama iā ia. ʻO ka ulu ʻana i kahi mea kanu a me ka ʻohi ʻana i ka ʻai nui e pono ai kahi hua o ka nānā a me kahi hana iki. He mau hana maʻalahi a ʻoluʻolu kēia. E uku aku lākou ma mua o ka uku ʻana me nā waiwai kūpono o ka pea honua. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, ke olakino ka waiwai nui e pono e pale ʻia.