Nui a hewahewa nā ʻano cherry plum i ka honua, ʻokoʻa ka nui a me ka helu o nā hua, ka wā oʻo, a me nā ʻano o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. ʻO kekahi o nā mea maikaʻi i waena o lākou ka ʻano plum cherry plum Kuban,hiki ke loaʻa ka wehewehe ma lalo nei.
ʻO ka moʻaukala o ka cherry plum hānau Kuban comet
Ua hoʻomohala ʻia ka ʻano kometa Kuban e G.V. ʻO Eremina lāua ʻo S.N. ʻO Zabrodina ma ka Crimean hoʻokolohua kahua o ka All-Russian Research Institute o nā mea kanu ʻoihana i kapa ʻia ma hope o N.I. ʻO Vavilov. Ua hānau ʻia ma muli o ke keʻa o Skoroplodnaya plum a me ka cherry plum Pionerka... ʻO ka mea mua, i ka 1977, ua lawe ʻia kēia ʻano no nā hoʻāʻo mokuʻāina. A ma hope o 10 mau makahiki ua hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka State Register no ka North-West, Central Black Earth, North Caucasus a me Lower Volga wahi.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka lāʻau a me nā hua, ka wehewehe o nā ʻano like, pollinator
Hoʻohāliʻi ʻia nā kumulāʻau o kēia ʻano, ma ke ʻano he kūlana, ʻaʻole lākou i ʻoi aku ma mua o 3 mau mika a ʻano like lākou me he kumu lāʻau lā. Hinahina nā lāʻau i ke kala a me nā lālā pōkole. He aniani nā lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo a ʻaʻole pubescent. Hiki i nā pua pua ke liʻiliʻi a liʻiliʻi i ka nui me nā pua keʻokeʻo.
Nā huaʻai nui. ʻO ko lākou kaupaona kiʻekiʻe ma kahi o 45 gram.... Poho-ovoid lākou. ʻO ka ʻili ma ka hua, ʻoiai ka lahilahi, akā lahilahi, kahi uhi waxy liʻiliʻi. Ke hoʻomaka a pala nā hua, lilo lākou i melemeleʻula, a lilo i burgundy. Hiki i nā ʻanoʻano ke liʻiliʻi a kaulike paha. Melemele ka pulp i ke kala a kūlike ke fibrous. He momona ia, me ka lāki maikaʻi o ke kō a me ka waikawa, ma muli o kahi ʻono ʻono-ʻono e like me ka apricot.
ʻAʻole heleleʻi nā hua overripe no ka manawa lōʻihi, a maikaʻi hoʻi ka lawe ʻana. Inā ʻaʻole i loaʻa iā lākou ke kala burgundy i makemake ʻia ma ka lāʻau, a laila e loaʻa iā ia i kahi e waiho ai. Hiki iā ʻoe ke mālama iā lākou i loko o ka pahu hau no 25 mau lā.
Kūʻokoʻa ka hau i nā ʻano like ʻole o kēia kumulāʻau, hiki ke ʻae i nā hau hau a i 30 kekelē... Akā ʻo ke kūpaʻa hau o nā pua pua ma lalo o ka awelika, akā ʻoiai ke anuanu loa lākou, e maikaʻi nō ka ʻohi ʻana. Ola maʻalahi nā pua i nā hau hau.
ʻAʻole kūpono kēia lāʻau i ka lepo a hiki ke hoʻololi pono i nā wahi like ʻole mai Transcaucasia a i ka Non-Black Earth Region a me nā South Urals, South, Primorye. Akā nō naʻe, ʻaʻole kūpono ka pālolo a me ka lepo loamy nona.
ʻAʻole pono ka pollinator no ka comet Kuban, mai ka wā he ʻano maikaʻi ko kēia ʻano pono ponoʻī no ka plum cherry, akā i mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka momona ma hope o lākou, pono e kanu i nā ʻanoʻano o ka plum cherry a i ʻole ka plum Kina. ʻO kahi laʻana, e like me Mara, Traveller, Red Ball a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Ke kau ʻana a me ka hōʻiliʻili huaʻōlelo
Hāpai nā hua ulu i nā hua i ke kakahiaka nui, 2 a 3 mau makahiki paha ma hope o ke kanu ʻana... Hoʻomaka lākou e mōhala i ka hopena o ʻApelila, a i ka waena o Iulai - i ka mua o ʻAukake, ua ʻike ʻia nā hua.
Hāpai nā kumulāʻau i nā hua i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻO kahi laʻana, mai kahi lāʻau liʻiliʻi hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻiliʻili ma kahi o 10 kg, a mai kahi mea nui e pili ana iā 50 kg.
Nā mea maikaʻi a me nā mea maikaʻi ʻole
Loaʻa ka maikaʻi o ka ʻano kometa Kuban, eia kekahi o lākou:
- nā hua nui,
- hua kiʻekiʻe,
- oʻo makua,
- ke kūpale hau,
- hapa-momona ponoʻī,
- kūpaʻa i ka maʻi,
- inā ʻoi ka hua i ka hua, ʻaʻole hāloi lākou no ka manawa lōʻihi a ʻaʻole poha,
- ʻono nā hua.
Akā ʻaʻole kūpono ka ʻano, loaʻa iā ia kāna drawbacks:
- hoʻokaʻawale ʻilihune ʻia ka iwi mai ka pulp,
- e hōʻoia i ka nui o nā hua, pono lākou e ʻoki, a waiho iā lākou i kahi ākea, e pili ana kekahi i kekahi.
- pala hua ʻole.
Nā kānāwai pae ʻāina
Kanu ʻia nā kumulāʻau o kēia ʻano i ke kakahiaka nui a i ʻole ka lau mua.... Pono mua ʻoe e koho i nā lūlū kūpono. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e koho iā lākou me kahi ʻōnaehana paʻa.
Loaʻa i kahi seedling maikaʻi nā ʻano aʻe:
- kiʻekiʻe mai 1 a 1.20 mika,
- ke kumu i loko o nā aʻa liʻiliʻi, lālā maikaʻi,
- aia nā puʻupaʻa pehu
- pono ka manu mai ka pohō, nā stains a me nā meheu o nā mea pests,
- pono ka pulu i keʻoki, melemele-ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
Ke koho ʻia kahi seedling, hoʻoholo ʻia me ka wahi kanu.
ʻO ke koho maikaʻi loa he kipi ma ka ʻaoʻao hema. ʻAʻole makemake ka kometa Kuban i ke aka, nā hoʻolālā a me nā makani ikaika. He mea maikaʻi ke kanu iā ia ma kahi e loaʻa ai kona puʻuhonua i ke ʻano o ka paia.
Makemake ʻo Alycha i ka lepo one a me nā waikawa liʻiliʻi. He mea naʻauao e kāwili i ka lepo kanu me humus (12 kg), superphosphate (250 gram) a me ka potassium sulfide (50 gram). Pono e ʻeli ʻia ka lua kanu 80x80x80 cm.
Kanu pae:
- Ninini liʻiliʻi o ka honua i loko o ka lua i ke ʻano o kahi puʻu liʻiliʻi.
- Hoʻokomo i kahi lāʻau lāʻau.
- Kau ʻia ke kola aʻa 6 cm ke kiʻekiʻe mai ka honua.
- Ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka honua.
- Nakinaki ʻia ka mānoanoa i ka lāʻau kūpaʻa.
- E kāpīpī me ka 2 a i ʻole 3 mau bākeke wai.
- I ka hopena, ninini ʻia nā shavings ma luna.
I ke kumu o ke kanu ʻana i kekahi mau kumulāʻau, pono ʻoe e pili i kahi mamao ʻekolu mika ma waena o lākou.
Mālama i ka kometa Kuban
Makemake nui kēia ʻano i ka wai, no laila pono ia e hoʻoinu hou ʻia i ka wā ulu. Hana lākou i kēia i Iune, Iulai a Kepakemapa. Pono kahi kumulāʻau a 40 liters o ka wai. Ma hope o ka hoʻoinu, e hōʻoia e hoʻohui i nā ʻumiʻumi.
ʻOki ʻia a hōʻemi ʻia ka lāʻau i kēlā me kēia makahiki a lahilahi ka lei aliʻi. ʻO ka manawa pinepine hana lākou i kahi ʻano tiered a pola paha.
Hana ʻia ka ʻoki nui i ka puna.... I kēia wā, hana ʻia ka lei aliʻi a ʻoki ʻia nā lālā paʻahau a ʻino hoʻi. I ka hāʻule, ʻokiʻoki ʻia nā lālā maloʻo, lumele a maʻi hoʻi. Lawe ʻia ka ʻoki ʻana o ke kauwela inā pono, ʻoiai keʻoki ʻana i nā wana ʻōpio e ulu ana i loko o ka lei aliʻi.
Pono e hoʻohua ʻia ka kometa Kuban i kēlā me kēia makahiki... ʻO kahi ʻokoʻa wale nō ka makahiki mua ma hope o ke kanu ʻana i kahi kumulāʻau, inā i kanu ʻia i ka lepo i hānai ʻia.
Penei ka hoʻoulu ʻana penei:
- i ka hāʻule ninini humus i ka uku o ka hapalua bākeke ma ka 1 mika mika,
- ma hope o ka mae ʻana o ka lāʻau, hoʻohui i ka 40 gram o ka urea ma ka 1 mika mika,
- ma hope o ka hua ʻana momona me ka potassium sulfate, 30 gram i kēlā me kēia mika mika.
ʻO kahi kumulāʻau ʻōpio, i nā makahiki mua o kona ola, pono e uhi ʻia no ka hoʻoilo, no ka laʻana, me ka lole ʻaʻai.
Pāpā ʻia ka hana ʻana i kahi puʻuhonua me polyethylene. ʻAʻole ʻoe e insulate i ka comet Kuban me ka mauʻu a mauʻu paha, no ka mea hiki i nā ʻōpala ke noho i laila.
Nā maʻi a me nā mea hōʻino
Kūpaʻa ke kometa Kuban i nā maʻi a inā e nānā pono ʻia a mālama ʻia i ka manawa, ʻaʻohe pilikia. ʻO ka pilikia e neʻe nā mea ʻino a me nā maʻi mai nā lāʻau kokoke mai iā ia. Hoʻopili kēia ʻano i nā ʻano maʻi like me nā plum maʻamau.:
- hina pala,
- palaunu,
- popo,
- kahe kāpili.
Pā pala hina
Hoʻomaopopo ka fungus Botrytis i ka pala pala. ʻO ka ʻāina hānau o ka maʻi ka sclerotia a me ka conidia, aia i loko o ka lepo a kanu i nā ʻōpala.... I ka hihia ke hoʻopili ka maʻi i ka comet Kuban, hoʻomaka e mae nā lālā a ʻike ʻia kahi kala ʻeleʻele ma luna o lākou, a ʻike ʻia nā ulu liʻiliʻi hina ma ka ʻili a me nā hua. Hoʻomaka e pala nā hua.
I mea e luku ai i ka pala pala, kāpīpī ʻia nā kumulāʻau me ke keleawe sulfate a me Nitrofen ma mua o ka pua ʻana, pono e mālama ʻia me ka lāʻau a me ka lepo. A ma hope hoʻi o ka pua ʻana, hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Kaptan a me Kuprozan.
I mea e pale aku ai i ka maʻi, pono e kāpīpī i nā kumulāʻau me ia mau hoʻomākaukau i ka wā mua o ka puna:
- 1% wai burgundy
- bur manual no nā hua i hoʻopili ʻia,
- keʻokeʻo.
Kahi Brown
ʻO Brown kahi, a i ʻole kapa ʻia he moʻo lau, ʻo ia pū kekahi maʻi fungus. I kekahi manawa ma muli o ia, ma kahi o 50% o ka hua i hiki ke make.... Hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēia maʻi e ke ʻano ma nā lau o nā kiko ʻeleʻele me ka palena ʻeleʻele, kahi kiko ʻeleʻele i waenakonu. Ma hope o ka manawa, maloʻo nā lau a hāʻule.
Pono e mālama ʻia nā kumulāʻau e kūʻē i ka palaunu brown with 1% burgundy solution ke hoʻomaka ke ʻōpuʻu o nā ʻōpuʻu a me ke keleawe chloride 2 a i ʻole 3 mau pule ma hope o ka pua ʻana.
Nā hana pale e kōkua ai i ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi penei:
- pono ʻoe e wehe i nā lālā i hōʻino ʻia,
- ma mua o ka pua ʻana o nā ʻōpuʻu, pono ʻoe e pīpī i ka lāʻau a me ka lepo me 1% sulfate keleawe.
Popo
ʻO kekahi ʻano maʻi fungal ka popo. I kēia maʻi, ʻike ʻia nā kiko lepo ma nā lau, a laila lilo i mau pale pouli.... Mālama ʻia ka kumulāʻau e kūʻē i ka popopo i ka makahiki ʻelua o Iulai. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana iā Aktofit. Hoʻopīpī ʻia nā kumulāʻau me ia i 2 mau manawa me ke kau waena o 2-3 mau pule.
I mea e pale aku ai i ka hua ʻole mai ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana i ka kometa Kuban, pono e hana i nā mea e pale aku ai:
- 3% lī ʻia ka wai kalapona ma ka lāʻau i ke kakahiaka nui,
- ke heleleʻi ka lau, ʻohi lākou a puhi.
Pāpaʻa gum
ʻO ka weliweli hiki iā ia ke hoʻolohi a kū i ka ulu ʻana o kahi lāʻau, a i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa a luku paha iā ia.
ʻAʻole ka maʻi gum ka maʻi fungal. Hiki i nā kumu he nui no kona hanana. Eia nā mea maʻamau:
- nā kūlana hoʻoilo paʻakikī, ma muli o ka paʻa hau o ka lāʻau,
- Burns i loaʻa mai ka lā,
- ʻoki ʻoki pono ʻole, ma muli o ka hōʻino ʻia o ka lāʻau,
- mīkini pōʻino ʻili,
- nui loa noi mea hoʻomomona a me ka hoʻoinu,
- maʻi ʻaʻai nalo ʻili.
Ke nānā ʻoe i kahi kumulāʻau, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka gum (protrusions of amber resin) ma kona mau lālā, e hōʻike ana ua pili ka lāʻau i kēia maʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke mālama i ka kometa Kuban mai kēia maʻi a puni ke kau.... Ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana, e hoʻopili pono i ka petrolatum i nā ʻāpana. A ʻoki pū kekahi i nā ulu o ka kāpili. ʻO kahi a lākou e disinfected ai me kahi hopena 1% o ke keleawe sulfate a uhi ʻia me ka pute Negrol.
I ʻole ʻoe e hana i ke kahe gum no kahi manawa lōʻihi, pono ʻoe e hana i nā hana pale:
- pono ʻole ka acidity o ka lepo.
- ka mālama pono i ka manawa o ka momona,
- pale i ka pulu wai.
Ma waena o nā mea ʻino e like me ka loaʻa kālā mai ke kime Kuban, ka mea maʻamau:
- hua sapwood,
- beetle bark komohana pā ʻole komohana,
- ʻūlū silika,
- pulelehua.
Laau lāʻau hua
I ka hihia ke kahe kahe ma luna o ka lāʻau, a ʻike ʻia nā ala ākea me ke anawaena o 1 a 2 mau mile ma nā lālā a me ke kumu, ʻo ia hoʻi ua kau ka lāʻau sapwood i ka lāʻau.
Ma mua o ka manawa hoʻomoe hua manu, ʻai nā wahine i nā kinakō ma ke kumu o nā puʻupaʻa. Ke kū mai ka larvae, hoʻopau lākou i ka ʻili a me nā aʻa. No ka luku ʻana i kēia mau mea ʻino, ua pīpī ʻia ka lāʻau ma ka hopena o ka pua.... Lawe ʻia ka mālama i 2 mau manawa me ka lōʻihi o 14 mau lā.
I hāʻule ʻole ka lāʻau sapwood i ka lāʻau, pono ʻoe e ʻike i nā lālā maloʻo a puhi koke iā lākoub. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ka ʻili o ka limu a me ka laikini, a keʻokeʻo ʻia ka lāʻau.
ʻ .ʻī beetle ʻāpana komohana ʻole
Mai noʻonoʻo i ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻili, a me ka lāʻau o kēia kumu lāʻau a me ka nalo ʻāpana palaka ʻole komohana. Hoʻomoe nā beetles i nā hua a me nā larva, a ma hope o ka hatch, hānai lākou i nā wai o ka lāʻau. Pono pono e hoʻoponopono i ka lāʻau ke kolo nā mea ʻino mai lalo o ka ʻili. I mea e make ai lākou, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻuluʻu ʻana i ka ʻili me Dichlorvos a i ʻole Chlorophos.
ʻO nā hana kaohi e kūʻē i ke ʻano o kēia mau pepeke.
- ʻoki ʻia nā lālā i hoʻopili ʻia a puhi ʻia i ke ahi,
- inā pili ka lāʻau i kēia pest, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka huki ʻana a puhi iā ia,
- ma mua o ka pua ʻana o ka lāʻau, pono e mālama ʻia me Trichlorol-5.
ʻKwkeke silika i lalo
Hoʻopilikia ia i nā lau o ke kime Kuban, a hiki ke loaʻa i kāna mau ʻupena a me nā cocoons i nā kalaunu. Hoʻopīpī ʻia ka lāʻau mai kēia pest i ka wā ulu. E kōkua ka lāʻau Virin-ENZH i kēia. A pono ʻoe e hōʻiliʻili i ka pest a me nā cocoons me ka lima, a ma hope iho ua puhi ʻia lākou a kanu ʻia paha i loko o kahi lua, ʻaʻole emi ma lalo o ka hapalua mika ka hohonu.
I pale i ke ʻano o kahi silkworm i lalo, pono ʻoe ʻehu iā ia me Nitrofen ma mua o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o nā ʻōpuʻu.
Pulelehua hua
ʻO kekahi mea ʻino weliweli ʻo ka mu, e kau ana nā hua ma luna o ka ʻili a hua paha. Hoʻokomo nā ʻenuhe o kēia mea kolo i loko o ka hua, lilo lākou i wormy a hāʻule. Pono e hoʻoponopono i ka lāʻau mai ka mu 20 mau lā ma hope o kona mae ʻana... Lawe ʻia ke kāpīpī ʻana he 3 mau manawa me ka lōʻihi o 12 mau lā, me nā hoʻomākaukau e like me Avant, Rogor-S, Fosban a me Ditox.
I mea e pale hou aku ai i ka moth, i ka hāʻule, hoʻomaʻemaʻe lākou i ka ʻili o nā ʻenuhe a me nā cocoons, ʻohiʻohi i nā hua i hāʻule, a hoʻohana pū hoʻi i nā kāʻei paʻa.
Inā ʻoe e mālama pono i ka kometa Kuban, a laila e lawe mai ka lāʻau i kahi hōʻiliʻili maikaʻi a ulu i ke olakino a nani, a hiki i ka ʻohana āpau ke ʻoliʻoli i nā hua momona.