Hōʻoiaʻiʻo ʻo Carrot Queen of Autumn i kona inoa ma muli o ke alakaʻi ʻana i waena o nā kāloti hopena, i waiwai nui ʻia e nā māla no kā lākou hua kiʻekiʻe, ka ʻono maikaʻi, ka helehelena a me ke ola lōʻihi.
Ka wehewehe ʻana o nā ʻano like ʻole a me kona ʻano
ʻO ka Mōʻīwahine o ke ʻAno Akala kāloti i ka hui o nā mea ulu mua. Hoʻomaka ka ʻohi ʻana i ka waena o ʻOkakopa.
ʻO kahi mea kanu me kahi lau lau e hohola nei me nā lau waena o ke kala ʻōmaʻomaʻo māmā.
ʻO nā hua i kahi ʻano elongated mau a me ka lōʻihi a hiki i 30 cm. ʻO ka nui o kēlā me kēia mea kanu mai 160 a 200 g.
He ʻalani ʻalani ka pulup a me ʻike ʻia e ka lahilahi, juiciness a me ka momona.
Hoʻololi ka pae kō i nā kāloti mai 6 a 11%, a me ke kumukūʻai carotene no 100 g o nā huahana mai 10 a 17 g.
Nā mea maikaʻi a me nā maikaʻi ʻole o ka Mōʻī Wahine o Autumn
Ke wehewehe nei i ka ʻano, pono e hōʻike ʻia kona mau pono, mahalo i kūpono i ka mea kanu i kona wahi i ka māla:
- ka nui o nā hua, a, ma lalo o nā kūlana ulu maikaʻi, 9 kg / m2;
- germination nui o ke kanu ʻana i nā ʻanoʻano a me ka ʻoluʻolu ʻana i ka hua o nā hua;
- ka nani o ka helehelena o nā mea kanu a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻono;
- ke kūpaʻa i ka haʻihaʻi ʻoiai e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka hoʻohāinu ʻana i ka lole like.
- maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana i nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole o ka fungal a me ka maʻi infectious;
- mālama wā lōʻihi me ka nalo ʻole o ke ʻono, hiki i ka mālama kūpono ʻana;
- kahi huahana ākea, hoʻopau ʻia ia, hou, nā wai momona, hoʻomākaukau ʻia kaʻuala a hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻomākaukau no ka hoʻoilo.
Ma waho o nā ʻano maikaʻi aia kekahi mau mea maikaʻi ʻole, i komo pū me:
- ke hoʻolālā ʻana i nā mea kanu aʻa o nā nui like ʻole;
- ka paʻakikī i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā hua lōʻihi mai ka lepo paʻa;
- lawa ʻole ke kala o nā mea kanu.
ʻO nā mea huna nui o ka ulu ʻana i nā kāloti
No ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hua kiʻekiʻe o ka Mōʻī Wahine o Autumn nā hua kanu aʻa, pono e pili i nā lula kanu a me nā mālama, ʻoiai e noʻonoʻo ana i nā ʻano āpau o ka ʻano.
Ke hoʻomākaukau nei i ka lepo no ke kanu ʻana
Pono e hoʻomaka i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka lepo ma mua i mea e kūleʻa ai ka lūlū ʻana i nā hua kāloti i ka lepo.
Makemake nā kāloti i ka māmā, permeable, lepo momona... Hoʻokumu ka lepo kaumaha i kahi pākeke e pale ai i ke kaʻina germination a hiki ke hana i ka deformation o nā aʻa aʻa.
Pono e hoʻomālamalama kahi o ka moe kāloti a hoʻomālamalama ʻia i ka lā holoʻokoʻa me ka lā pono. ʻO nā kūkama, kāpiki, kaʻuala, a me nā ʻaka i manaʻo ʻia he maikaʻi ma mua.
Pono ka ʻāina ma ka pā māla i koho ʻia e ʻeli iā ia i ka hopena o ke kau, e hoʻomomona ana me nā mea momona... I ka puna, hana hou i ke kaʻina hana e hana i nā kūlana kūpono no ke kau ʻana o nā ʻanoʻano.
Nā pule he nui ma mua o ke kanu ʻana hoʻolako i ka lepo me ka lehu a me ka humus... ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e hoʻohui i ka manure hou i ka honua, no ka mea ʻaʻole hoʻomanawanui ka moʻomeheu i kona waiʻawa.
Eia kekahi, mai hoʻomomona me nā huahana i hoʻokumu ʻia me ka naikokene, hiki i kēia ke kumu i ka hōʻiliʻili wikiwiki ʻana o kahi nui nui o nā nitrates e nā aʻa aʻa.
ʻEnehana ʻenehana hoʻomākaukau
ʻO nā mea nui i ka ʻenehana mahiʻai o nā kāloti he ʻanoʻano kiʻekiʻe a me kā lākou hoʻomākaukau no ka lūlū ʻana.
No laila, pono ʻoe e koho i nā mea kanu kanu kiʻekiʻe a no ka germination wikiwiki, hoʻoulu iā lākou i ka wai mehana no 24 mau hola, ke hoʻololi nei i kēlā me kēia ʻekolu mau hola.
A laila E holoi maikaʻi i nā hua a hoʻomaʻalili i ka hau no ka stratification.
Lula lūlū
Pono e lūlū i nā hua i ka hopena o Mei a i ʻole Iune mua. i ke aniau aniau. Ma nā latitude hema, paipai ʻia ke kanu ʻana ma ka waena a i ʻole ka hopena o Iune, kahi i hoʻoweliweli ʻole ʻia ʻo ʻOkakopa e nā hau.
Aia ka pae ʻana i ka hana i kēia mau hana:
- ʻO nā groove ma mua o 1-2 cm ka hohonu a hoʻohāinu pono i ka lepo. ʻO ka mamao ma waena o nā lālani ma ka liʻiliʻi he 15 cm no ka mālama pono ʻana i nā hua.
- E lūlū i nā mea kanu i kahi hohonu o 0.5-1.0 cm, kāpīpī me ka honua a hoʻopili liʻiliʻi.
Ke hana nei i nā ʻano mahiʻai āpau, pala ka hua ma 117-130 mau lā ma hope o ka lūlū ʻana i nā hua.
ʻO kahi ana o nā ana no ka mālama ʻana i kahi mea kanu mea kanu
E kōkua ka mālama ʻana iā ʻoe e hoʻokō i nā hua paʻa. E hana ai i kēia, pono ʻoe e hana i nā hana aʻe:
- wehe mau i ka mauʻu a hoʻokuʻu i nā moena e hoʻona i ka lepo me ka makū a pale i ka hana ʻana i ka pā;
- wai hoʻowahāwahā i nā pae a pau o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mea kanu, kahi e ʻae ai i nā mea ʻai e hana i ka laumania, momona a me ka momona;
- lahilahi me ka mālama nui loa e like me ka ulu ʻana o nā poʻo, i mea e hōʻino ʻole ai i ke aʻa o nā mea kanu i koe;
- hānai i nā kāloti me nā momonae hoʻohana ana i nā meaola a me nā minelala.
Nā maʻi a me kā lākou pale ʻana
ʻOiai ke ʻano o ke kūpaʻa maʻi maikaʻi loa, ʻaʻole pono e kāpae ʻia ka likelike o ka maʻi a me ka hoʻoulu hou ʻana o nā mea pests, akā ʻo nā hana kūpono āpau e pale ai i ka mea kanu e pono e hoʻokō ʻia i ka manawa kūpono.
I ka manawa o ka ulu ʻana a ma hope o ka ʻohi ʻana, hōʻike pinepine ʻia ka hua i nā microorganism weliweli. ʻO nā mea weliweli loa nā maʻi lele a me nā maʻi fungal e kumu i ka pala a me ka hōʻino ʻana o nā hua.
Nā hana Preventive e kōkua ai i ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi: ka hoʻohuli ʻana o nā mea kanu, ka lūlū ʻana i ka manawa kūpono, ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā mea kanu potash, ka wehe ʻana i ka lepo, me ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā koena o nā mea kanu i ka wā kau.
ʻO nā mea ʻino huhū ka lele ʻana o ke kāloti a me kāna larva... ʻO ke ʻano o ke keleawe keleawe ma nā lau e hōʻailona ana i ko lākou helehelena. ʻO nā kāloti poino i lilo i ka awaawa, haki a hoʻohana ʻole ʻia.
I mea e pale ai i ka hanana o kēia pest, pono e hoʻokuʻu mau i nā moena, i pale i ka wai kū ʻole a me ka malu. A inā loaʻa kahi pilikia, luku iā ia me ka pīpī ʻana me nā insecticides.
ʻOhi a mālama ʻana i nā mea kanu
He hopena maikaʻi ka ʻohiʻohi manawa ʻana i ke ola o ka hua pakiaka. No laila, no kēia mea pono:
- hooholo pono i ka manawa ohi, ʻoiai ʻo nā kāloti maka ʻole e makaʻu i ka pala, a ʻo nā mea overripe hiki i ka hopena o nā parasites;
- i kekahi mau lā ma mua o ka ʻohi ʻana, e hōʻemi i ka nui o ka waie kōkua ia e mālama i ka ʻono a me ka momona o nā kāloti;
- koho i kahi lā lā maikaʻi a ʻohi ma ka lima a i ʻole ʻeli i loko me kahi ʻeke, lawe pono ʻana i ka pōhaku o ka honua me nā aʻa aʻa, a laila huki hoʻokahi i nā piko;
- mai ʻili i nā mea kanu mai ka lepo a mai holoi iā lākou, ʻoiai hiki i kēia ke hoʻoikaika i ka ulu ʻana o nā maʻi;
- ʻoki ʻoki pono i nā poʻo me kahi pahi ma lalo o ka wahi ulu e 0.5 cm, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hoʻoliʻiliʻi nā greens i ke kaumaha o nā kāloti ma ke komo ʻana i kā lākou wai, akā hōʻino loa hoʻi i kā lākou waiwai waiwai.
- hoʻomaloʻo i nā aʻa ma hope o ka hehi ʻana a kau i kahi wahi pouli ma kahi mahana o 10-14̊C no 15 mau lā, e hiki ai i nā fetus ke hoʻōla i ka pōʻino, a e hōʻike i nā kīnā ʻole no nā mea maʻi.
- ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka manawa i kuhikuhi ʻia, e hoʻokaʻawale i nā hua i hōʻiliʻili ʻia, e hoʻoneʻe ana i nā mea i hōʻino ʻia, maʻi a palupalu hoʻi;
- ma hope o ka pau ʻana o nā kaʻina hana, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaka i ke kau ʻana i ka mea kanu no ka mālama ʻana.
Pono e mālama ʻia ka huahana ma lalo o kekahi mau ʻano. Kuhi ʻia kahi keena a i lalo o lalo i kahi mālama kūpono., penei:
- mālama i kahi mahana mau i ka laulā mai 0 a 5̊̊;
- hoʻonohonoho i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa maikaʻi loa 90-95%.
ʻO nā ʻano e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i nā mea kanu a hiki i ka hōʻiliʻili hou ʻana me ka nalowale ʻole o ka maikaʻi.
ʻO ke koho ʻana i ka mōʻīwahine o ke ʻano Autumn i manaʻo ʻia he hopena maikaʻi loa no nā māla ʻike a me nā novice e makemake ana e ʻohiʻohi kāloti a mālama iā lākou i ka hoʻoilo.
ʻOiai ʻo nā mea kanu hou a momona hoʻi, ʻaʻole ia he mea ʻono wale nō, akā kahi kumu maoli o nā meaola, nā wikamina a me nā minelala.