ʻO ka hana nui a ka mōʻī wahine ka hoʻomoe ʻana i nā hua. Hoʻokahi wale nō fetal kanaka i ka ʻohana. Mālama nā pi i ko lākou makua. Loaʻa iā ia kāna retinue ponoʻī, nāna e hāʻawi iā ia i ka meaʻai (jelly aliʻi).
ʻO ka beekeeping no nā mea hoʻomaka: pehea ke ʻano o ka nalo meli?
ʻO ka pī wahine wahine, a i ʻole kapa ʻia e nā ʻāmele hānai "Queen", ʻo ia ka makua o nā pi a pau e noho nei i ka pū. I ke kūlohelohe, hiki i kona mau makahiki ke ola i nā makahiki 8., akā i ka hana hānai pipi, hoʻololi ʻia ka mōʻī wahine i ʻōpio ma hope o 2 mau makahiki. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka lūlū hua ʻana i nā hua i loko o nā makahiki ʻelua i hala, a laila e emi ana ka hoʻohua. Hiki i ka beekeeper ke hoʻololi iā ia ma mua inā ʻaʻole ia e hāʻawi i nā hopena maikaʻi.
I kēia manawa e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka nī wahine. Hiki ke hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi ʻia mai nā nalo meli hana e kona ʻano a me ka nui. He kino elongated kona, a hiki i ka nui o 2-2.5 cm. ʻO kona ʻōpū, ʻokoʻa i nā pi ʻē aʻe, puka i waho o nā ʻēheu. Aia ka ʻū ma ka hopena, akā hoʻohana ʻia ia no ka pale ʻana i nā pi wahine aliʻi ʻē aʻe.
Heʻuʻuku kona nui o ka maka. Kaona - 0,025 g, a me ka pā - 0,020 g. Kau ka paona a me ka nui i ka makahiki o ka pi a me ka laha. He momona a momona ʻo Uterus. Ua lūlū ʻia nā mea mua me nā pi hana, a ʻo nā mea lua i lūlū ʻia me nā drones.
Pehea ka lōʻihi o ke kau ʻana i nā pi wahine aliʻi mai kahi kūlohelohe?
E nānā kākou i ka pehea a ehia mau lā a ka mōʻī wahine e hoʻopaʻa ai? No kēlā poʻe hānai hānai hānai e hana nui nei i ka ʻāpua, pono kēia ʻike no nā kumu aʻe:
- E hoʻololi i kahi ʻelemakule i kahi ʻōpio.
- No ka hana hānau.
- E pale aku i ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka nalo meli.
- No ka mālama lūlū ʻana.
- E kōkua ia e ʻike i ka fungus hāpai.
Hoʻomaka ke kaʻina o ka hatching i ka pi me ka lūlū ʻana i kahi hua manu. Kuhi ʻia ka mōʻī wahine mai ka ovum, a laila lūlū i nā pi hana. Lawe ʻia nā fungi Tinder mai ka lūlū infertile.
I loko o kahi pola i kūkulu ʻia ma luna o kahi waihona meli, lūlū ka ʻōpū i nā hua. Hoʻokumu kahi larva mai ia mea, nā pi e mālama a pale aku. Hānai ʻia ka larva o ka kōpū e hiki mai ana me ka jelly aliʻi a hoʻomau ka huki ʻia ʻana o ka makuahine mai ke pola. I ka lā 7, sila lākou.
Hoʻopiha lākou iā ia me ka meaʻai maggot ma mua o ka sila ʻana. He jelly aliʻi ia. ʻO kēlā poʻe beekeepers nāna e hōʻiliʻili iā ia no ke kūʻai aku, ʻo kēia ka manawa kūpono loa no ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana.
Ehia mau lā e hatch ai ka pī wahine a haʻalele i ka hale aliʻi wahine? Ma mua o ka haʻalele ʻana i ka rama o ka makuahine, ʻo ka larva, e hānai ana i ka waiū, ulu a lilo i pupa. Mai ka pupa a ka ʻōpū. No kekahi mau manawa akā oʻo i ka rama o ka makuahine. I ka lā 16, aia kahi puka mai ka rama a ka makuahine, ma ka ʻuwī ʻana iā ia.
ʻO ka poʻe Beekeepers e hana nei i nā mōʻī hānau hānau e ʻike ia ʻo ka pōʻeleʻele o ka cell queen mai lalo mai, ʻo ia ka ʻelemakule. ʻO ka mōʻīwahine mua e puka i waho e luku i ke koena o nā mōʻī wahine. ʻO ka kaohi ʻana i nā pūnaewele mōʻī wahine a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o kēlā me kēia kanaka e ʻae i nā beekeepers e pale i ke ʻano kahe i loko o ka hive. E wānana i ka manawa o ka hiki ke haʻalele i ke kauā. E kōkua ia i ka hana ʻana i mau papa ma nā huna wahine wahine makua.
I ka manawa mua ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana i ka rama o ka makuahine, ke loaʻa nei ka ikaika i ka ʻōpū ʻōpio a hoʻopau i ke koena o ka rama a ka makuahine. I ka manawa like, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou i nā fetal a me nā polypores. ʻO kēlā poʻe e lele a puni a hui pū me nā drones i loko o 7 mau lā a lilo i hua. Pili ka ʻohana āpau i kēia hana. Inā kū kēia, a laila ma hope o 3 mau lā i ka hive, e hōʻike ʻia ka lūlū ʻana e nā pi.
Hiki i kahi ʻōpū fetal ke ola no 5 mau makahiki, akā no ka hana ʻana i ka meli he kūpono ʻole ke mālama iā ia no kahi lōʻihi. Ma hope o 2 mau makahiki, pono e hoʻololi i kahi ʻōpio, no ka mea ma hope o kēia manawa, emi ka lūlū ʻana. Pau ka lūlū ʻana i ke kau, a hoʻomaka ka lūlū ʻana ma hope. Inā ʻaʻole i lele ka ʻōpū a puni, a laila e ʻike ʻia kahi lūlū ʻana i ka hive. Luku ʻia kēlā ʻohana e make. Pono e hemo i ka tinder a hoʻohui ʻia ke kanaka fetal.
Ke pōʻaiapuni, nā pae a me ka manawa o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka larva i ka rama a ka makuahine i ke ao
ʻO ka papa kuhikuhi no ka haʻalele ʻana i nā pi wahine aliʻi.
Ma ka lā 7 | Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka hale aliʻi wahine |
Ma ka lā 16 | Ka puka o kahi mea keiki ʻole |
Ma hope o 3-5 mau lā i ka hive | ʻO Flyby |
I nā lā 7 | Lele hoʻoipoipo |
Ma hope o 14 mau lā | Ka hiki ke hoʻoholo i ka maikaʻi o ka kōpū |
Noho ka pi i kā lākou mau kānāwai ponoʻī a me nā wā hoʻomohala āpau, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hilinaʻi ʻana i ka microclimate i ka hive, ka ikaika o ka ʻohana a me nā kūlana anilā. No laila, hiki i ka puka o ka ʻōpū ke lilo i lā ma mua a ma hope paha. ʻO ka manawa o ka huki ʻia ʻana o nā nalo meli wahine e hoʻolōʻihi mai 26 mau lā a 30 a ʻoi.
Me ka male ʻole ʻana me nā drones, ʻaʻole hiki ke kiʻi i kahi ʻōpū fetal. Akā pono e nānā mau i ka helu o nā drones i ka hive. Pehea e ulu ai kahi drone?
Hoʻokumu ʻia ka drone i ke ala like me ka nalo meli hana, akā ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻomohala ʻana. Inā ʻoe e nānā pono i nā waihona, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hunaola me nā drones i loko o nā waihona. He convex kā lākou, he uhi paʻa. Lawe ʻia he 24 mau lā mai ka hua manu a i ke kanaka makua. E mākaukau ka drone no ka moʻo ʻana i ka lā 33. No laila, he mea nui e nānā i ka kalena a mai haʻalele i kēia manawa.
Pehea e hemo ai kahi kōpū me ka ʻole o ka larva?
ʻO kahi ala maʻalahi e hoʻohana ai nā beekeepers e kiʻi i kahi mōʻī wahine ʻōpio me ke kūʻai ʻole ʻana. Kaulana i nā apiaries pilikino a loaʻa no nā mea hoʻomaka. No ka kūleʻa i ka hatching i ka kōpū, pono e koho ʻia kahi ʻohana ikaika.... Inā makemake ʻia he mau mōʻī wahine hou aʻe, a laila koho ʻia kekahi mau ʻohana.
I ka hapa waena o ke kino, ʻoi aku ka kikoʻī, i ka wahi interframe, hoʻonoho ʻia kahi insulator, kahi e hana ai ka hoʻomoe hua manu. Inā loaʻa ʻole ka insulator, a laila hiki iā lākou ke pani ʻia me nā waihona meli. I ke kahua ke ʻike ʻia nā ʻūlū i loko o nā waihona, waiho ʻia lākou i kahi papa i hoʻomākaukau ʻia.
ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ʻelua mau mōʻī wahine i loko o ka hive kahi pilikia nui, ma ke ʻano kūlohelohe hoʻokahi wale nō mōʻī wahine e noho nei i kahi ʻohana. Ke ʻike ʻia ka lua, e luku ka mea ikaika i ka mea nāwaliwali. Akā ʻimi kekahi mau mea hānai pipi e mālama i ʻelua mau mōʻī wahine i nā ʻohana a laila pālua a pākolu paha i nā ʻohana. Ma muli o ka ulu ikaika o nā ʻohana, hiki i ka meli hou ke kīpē ʻia i ka hōʻiliʻili meli nui. Loaʻa i ka poʻe Beekeepers kahi paila i kēlā me kēia pule mai 40 kg o ka meli mai kahi ʻohana.
Nā hana hou aʻe a ka beekeeper
- Ma hope o 6 mau hola, lawe ʻia ka waihona meli me nā hua i kau ʻia. Lawe ʻia lākou i ka pūnana.
- Me kahi pahi wela, ʻokiʻoki ʻia kahi aho me nā hua i kau ʻia.
- E ʻoki ma kekahi ʻaoʻao a i ka hapalua o ke kiʻekiʻe. E noho kekahi o nā hunaola ʻekolu.
- Ma nā keena i koe me nā larvae, e hoʻonui mālie i nā lua me kahi lāʻau (hana ʻehā i nā kīʻaha). Ma aneʻi e kūkulu ʻia nā hale mōʻī wahine.
- Hoʻopili ʻia kahi kaha i hoʻomākaukau mua ʻia i kahi waihona meli hakahaka.
- Hana ʻia kahi puka ma mua o 5 cm ke kiʻekiʻe (kūlike i ka pae i luna).
- Hoʻopili ʻia ka holehole me ka wali i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a i ʻole nā pine lāʻau. Lawe ʻia i ka nui o nā mōʻī wahine e koi ʻia a like ka nui o nā puka i hana ʻia.
Ke ulu nei i ka nalo meli wahine
Hānai ʻia ka mōʻī wahine ma kahi e ʻohiʻohi ai nā lū. Kau ʻia ke kiʻi ma kahi o ka mea i hemo ma mua. E hoʻopili ʻia nā nalo meli hana e nānā mau i ke kauoha, ka lawe manawa ʻana o nā jelly aliʻi a me ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o nā pūnaewele mōʻī wahine.
No laila, lilo ka ʻohana i mea aʻo. Ma mua o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o ka kōpū, ua excised ka uterus a hoʻonoho ʻia i loko o kahi nucleus a i ʻole nā pūnaewele. I kēia ala, ulu a kanaka me ka hoʻololi ʻole ʻana o ka larva.
Nā lula maʻamau no ka hānau ʻana
Hānai ʻia nā mōʻī wahine i ka manawa like e like me ka brone brood (pēlā e ʻike ʻia ai nā drone makua).
- Hōʻike ʻia kahi mea momona me ka hōʻiliʻili meli maikaʻi.
- ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o kahi mōʻī wahine i hānai ʻia mai nā larvae nui ma mua o nā liʻiliʻi.
- No ka haʻalele ʻana, hoʻohana ʻia nā larvae he 12 mau hola ka lōʻihi.
Ka mālama ʻana o ka ʻāpana meli wahine ʻelua
Mālama ka mōʻī wahine-pālua o nā kolone pi e hoʻonui i nā hives i ka hōʻuluʻulu meli nui a i kēia ala hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻonui i ka hōʻiliʻili o ka meli e 50%. He mea pono e mālama i kēia hana i waena o Rūsia a me kāna mau ʻāpana ʻākau, ʻoiai he pōkole ka manawa o ka hōʻiliʻili meli i kēia mau wahi a hoʻopau pinepine ʻia i Iulai.
Nā pōmaikaʻi o ka bee mōʻī wahine pāpālua e mālama nei i nā hives maha-hive:
- i ka hoʻoilo, hoʻemi ka ʻai hānai (ma muli o ka hoʻomehana ʻana)
- hoʻonui ka lūlū ʻana;
- hoʻonui ka hana o ka pi;
- hoʻonui ka hōʻiliʻili o ka meli.
Nā mea maikaʻi ʻole:
- hives nui a kaumaha hoʻi;
- hōʻino i ka ea;
- paʻakikī e pale aku i ka hoʻohuʻu ʻana;
- ke nānā nei i nā mōlina, pono e wehe i ka hanana holoʻokoʻa.
I ka hives pālua
Hoʻohana ʻia kēia hana i nā hives me nā kino ʻelua (12 mau papa) a me nā makasina ʻelua. I ka wā o ka willow pua, hoʻonui ʻia ka pūnana me ke kumu. No laila, i ka hoʻomaka o Mei, ʻike ʻia nā 8 papa me ka lūlū ʻana. Inā kau ʻia kahi hale aliʻi wahine ma luna o lākou e nā pi, lawe ʻia ke kino a hoʻonoho ʻia ma kona ʻaoʻao.
Akā, kau lākou i kahi kino me ka hapalua nā mōlina a me kahi kumu. Ua pani ʻia e kahi paku makapō a hoʻonohonoho ʻia kahi kino me ka kōpū ma luna. Pono e huli i ka puka komo i kahi ʻē aʻe.
Ma hope o 4 mau lā, hemo nā pūnaewele mōʻī wahine mai ka haʻahaʻa o ke kino. Huli nā pūnaewele i kahi ʻaoʻao. I kēia manawa ʻelua mau "mōʻī wahine" e hana nei i ka hive. Mālama ʻia lākou a hōʻiliʻili i ka meli.
I ka hōʻiliʻili meli nui, hemo ka septum. ʻOiai aia hoʻokahi mōʻī wahine i ka hive, a laila i ka hui ʻana o nā ʻohana, luku ka ikaika i ka mea nāwaliwali.
I ka hives multihull
Me ke kōkua o ka mālama ʻana i ʻelua-mōʻī wahine i nā ʻohana, kūkulu nā ʻeke hānai meli i nā hive nunui i nā ʻohana ikaika no ka hōʻiliʻili meli nui. E hana i kēia, i loko o nā makahiki he ʻumi o Mei, hoʻomaka ka hatching o nā mōʻī wahine. Mai ka hapalua o ka ʻohana, noho lākou i ʻelua a i ʻole ʻekolu mau hale, a ma ka hapa luna e hoʻonohonoho lākou i ka layering. Hoʻokomo ʻia i loko kekahi kanaka mea hānau ʻole a mea kanu makuahine. I ka hopena o ka mahina, hoʻomaka ka lūlū ʻana i nā meli.
I kēia manawa ke hoʻomaka nei ka hana e kūkulu ikaika i nā ʻohana me nā aliʻi wahine ʻelua. Ma nā papa o nā mōlina 6-8, hoʻonoho ʻia kahi māhele hoʻokaʻawale no 1-2 mau lā. Ma hope o ka hoʻopiha ʻia o nā kino me nā mōlina me ke kumu. Ua hoʻokau lākou i kahi māhele hoʻokaʻawale a me kahi hihia ma luna. Wehe ʻia ka mōʻī wahine kahiko... Hana ʻia kahi papa hou ma luna.
ʻAʻole kolo kēia mau kolone a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā bee limahana e puka mai ana mai nā haʻa o luna. Hoʻonui kēia i ka nui o ka meli i hōʻiliʻili ʻia.
I nā lā leulers
No kekahi, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka mālama ʻana i ka mōʻīwahine pāpālua o ka nalo meli i nā pi.
Me kēia hana, lawe ʻia kahi lounger i nā mōlina 16, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e kahi māhele hoʻokaʻawale. I kēlā me kēia keʻena aia kahi ʻohana me ka kōpū. I kēia ʻano, hibernate lākou, a i ka wā ulu ulu lākou.
I ke kauwela, kūkulu ʻia kahi hale kūʻai maʻamau, kahi hale me ka lattice. Ke ulu nei nā ʻohana, hoʻohui ʻia nā hale kūʻai. No laila, hoʻonui ʻia ka hua o ka meli.
Mai nā mea a pau i ʻōlelo ʻia, maopopo leʻa i ka hana nui a ka uterus i ka hive. E like me kāu e ʻike ai, ʻaʻole paʻakikī e lawe mai i kahi nalo meli wahine me ka ʻike o kēia mea. ʻO ka mea nui e hoʻopili i ka hoʻolālā i hōʻike ʻia a laila hiki iā ʻoe ke huki i kēlā me kēia mea mai ka wili. Aia i ka nui o ka meli āu e ʻohi ai. Me ke akamai a me ka ʻike o ka lawelawe ʻana i ka mōʻī wahine o ka hive, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻonui i ka hana ʻana o ka apiary.